Leviticus 16:21-22

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Leviticus 16:20-28

The high priest having presented unto the Lord the expiatory sacrifices, by the sprinkling of their blood, the remainder of which, it is probable, he poured out at the foot of the brazen altar, 1. He is next to confess the sins of Israel, with both his hands upon the head of the scape-goat (Lev. 16:20, 21); and whenever hands were imposed upon the head of any sacrifice it was always done with confession, according as the nature of the sacrifice was; and, this being a sin-offering, it must be a... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Leviticus 16:21

And Aaron shall lay both his hands on the head of the live goat ,.... In this order as the Targum of Jonathan says, his right hand upon his left hand on the head of the live goat; this was done in the name of the people, hereby transferring their sins, and the punishment of them, to it: and confess him all the iniquities of the children of Israel, and all their transgressions in all their sins ; which takes in their sins, greater or lesser, sins of ignorance and presumption, known or not... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Leviticus 16:22

And the goat shall bear upon him all their iniquities unto a land not inhabited ,.... Where it would never be seen, and from whence it would never return more; and so was a proper type of Christ, who has borne all the sins of all his people in his own body on the cross, and all the punishment due unto them; and so has made full satisfaction for them, and has removed them from them, as far as the east is from the west, and out of the sight of avenging justice; so that when they are sought... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Leviticus 16:21

Aaron shall lay both his hands upon the head, etc. - What this imposition of hands meant see in the notes on Exodus 29:10 ; (note), and Leviticus 1:4 ; (note). And confess over him all the iniquities - transgressions - sins - The three terms used here, Iniquities, עונת avonoth , from עוה avah , to pervert, distort, or turn aside; Transgressions, פשעים peshaim , from פשע pasha , to transgress, to rebel; and Sins, חטאת chattaoth , from חטא chata , to miss the... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Leviticus 16:1-28

Union and communion with God is that which the undepraved heart of man most longs for, and which religion is especially intended to bring about. That this may be effected, the barrier of sin, and of that which represents sin—ceremonial uncleanness—must be broken down. If sin and uncleanness cannot be taken away so as to be as though they had not been, they must, according to their nature, be either punished as justice demands, or be so covered over as to be withdrawn from the sight of the... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Leviticus 16:1-34

The great Day of Atonement ( Leviticus 16:29-31 ). One day in the year set apart to the most solemn representation possible of the two facts—the sinfulness of man, the righteous love of God. Atonement underlying the whole of the ceremonial Law, but the insufficiency of the dally sacrifices, set forth by the separation of one day for the special sacrifice, thus pointing to one atonement in which all other atone-meats should be perfected. Solemn warning in the death of the two sons of... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Leviticus 16:1-34

The climax of sacrificial worship, the Day of Atonement. cf. John 1:29 ; 1 Corinthians 5:7 ; Hebrews 9:10 . The sacrifices already considered all bring out with more or less emphasis the idea of atonement. But to render this cardinal idea of our religion still more emphatic, it was ordained that the tenth day of the seventh month in each year should be a day of special humiliation on the part of the people, and special ritual on the part of the priests. The directions about it were... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Leviticus 16:5-28

The sacrifices of the Day of Atonement. Upon ordinary occasions sacrifices might be offered by common priests, who might act as representatives of the high priest or as representatives of the people, and so be types of Christ, or types of Christians. But upon this day the high priest must act in person, which leaves no doubt as to these transactions being eminently emblematical of Christ and of his great work. We notice— I. THE OFFERINGS FOR AARON AND HIS HOUSE . (See ... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Leviticus 16:7-22

Type and antitype-the offering. The most striking feature of the whole service on the great Day of Atonement was the action of the high priest in regard to the two goats brought to the tabernacle door ( Leviticus 16:7 ). They clearly point to that "Lamb of God" who came to "take away the sin of the world" ( John 1:29 ). That there were two goats rather than one presents no difficulty at all; there might well have been more than one to typify the Sacrifice which they foreshadowed. We... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Leviticus 16:20-21

The second part of the ceremonies of the day now commences. It was not enough that the defilement of the sanctuary should be covered, and the sins of the priests and people atoned for by the blood of the sacrifices. There remained a consciousness of sin. How was this to be taken away? To effect this, Aaron proceeds to the unique ceremony of the day by which the utter removal of sin from the reconciled people is typified. He shall bring the live goat; this should be translated offer the live... read more

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