John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Psalms 9:5
Thou hast rebuked the Heathen ,.... The people of the Philistines, as the Targum and Kimchi explain it, though some Jewish writers F1 Jarchi in loc. & Pesikta in ibid. in v. 1. understand it of Amalek the chief of the Heathen nations; but it rather refers to Gospel times, and to the rebukes of the Heathen, by the preaching of the Gospel, for their idolatry and superstition; and especially to the latter day, and to the rebukes of the antichristian states, the Papists who are called... read more
Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Psalms 9:1-10
The title of this psalm gives a very uncertain sound concerning the occasion of penning it. It is upon Muth-labben, which some make to refer to the death of Goliath, others of Nabal, others of Absalom; but I incline to think it signifies only some tone, or some musical instrument, to which this psalm was intended to be sung; and that the enemies David is here triumphing in the defeat of are the Philistines, and the other neighbouring nations that opposed his settlement in the throne, whom he... read more