The Anglican Church in the United States, an offspring of the Church of England, established in the American colonies during the 17th century. After the Revolution strenuous efforts were made to form a united Episcopal Church in America. Samuel Seabury of New England, having been refused consecration as bishop by the Archbishop of Canterbury, was consecrated by the Scottish bishops at Aberdeen in 1784. Subsequently three other American bishops were consecrated in England. The organization of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States was completed at the General Convention of 1789. The Church adheres to the Apostles' and Nicene creeds. Baptism is either by pouring or by immersion. The system of government includes the parish or congregation, the diocese, the province, and the general convention. Foreign missionary work is carried on in Africa, China, Japan, Haiti, Brazil, Cuba, and Mexico.