from 'Memorials' Vol. 2, Part Second, CRITICAL. 1876-7.
TABLE OF SIGNS AND MARKS.
INDICATIVE MOOD p to mark the English word which represents the Hebrew word, which the Rabbis say is a perfect, and which carries the pronominal affix (or sign of the person) at its end. f to mark the English word which represents the Hebrew word, which the Rabbis say is a future, and which carries the pronominal prefix (or sign of the person) before it. The persons in both are 1st, 2nd, and 3rd, sing. and plural. INFINITIVE MOOD b to stand before every INFINITIVE. IMPERATIVE MOOD c before every IMPERATIVE. PARTICIPIAL FORMS d before every PARTICIPLE. "AND" THE CONJUNCTION v to precede every "and" however translated, "and" being called in Hebrew vav.
N.B. p goes before a perfect tense, and f before a future or present, of an indicative mood; b before an infinitive; c before an imperative; d before participles; v before Vav, etc., however else translated.
1. Blessed is The man that p has not walked in the counsel of the ungodly, v and in the way of sinners p has not stood, v and in the seat of d the scornful p has not sat.
2. But in the law of Jehovah his delight; v and in his law f he meditates day v and night.
3. v And * p he was to be like a tree d planted by the rivers of waters, that f brings forth his fruit in his season; v and his leaf f does not wither; v and all that f he does f shall prosper.
4. Not so The ungodly; but like the chaff that the wind f drives away.
5. Therefore the ungodly f shall not stand* in the judgment, v or sinners in the congregation of the righteous.
6. For Jehovah is d knowing the way of the righteous; v but the way of the ungodly f shall perish.
* See Rom. 4: 17. Such was the counsel of God.
*John 5: 29. Query.
1. Why p have raged the Nations, v and why do the side-nations * f imagine a vain thing?
2. Kings of the earth f do set themselves, v and d rulers p have taken counsel together, against Jehovah, and against his Anointed, saying,
3. f We will break asunder their bands, v and f cast away their cords from us.
4. d He sitting in the heavens f shall laugh; Adonay f shall have them in derision.
5. Then f shall he speak to them in his wrath, v and in his sore displeasure f vex them;
6. v Yet I p have set my King upon Zion, hill of my holiness.
7. f I will declare the decree: Jehovah p has said to me, my Son art thou; t This day p have I begotten thee.
8. c Ask of me, v and f I will give thee the Nations for thine inheritance, v and for thy possession the ends of earth.
9. f Thou shalt break them with a rod of iron; like a vessel of d a moulder f thou shalt dash them in pieces:
10. v And now ye kings c be wise; c be instructed ye d judges of earth.
11. c Serve Jehovah with fear, v and c rejoice with trembling.
12. c Kiss the Son, lest f he shall be angry, v and f ye perish from the way; for f does his wrath burn even as a little. Blessed are all d trusting in him.
* 'Leummim,' side-nations.
1. A psalm of David. b In his fleeing from the face of Absalom his son.
2. Jehovah, how p have increased my troublers! many d those rising up against me;
3. Many d those saying of my soul, No help for him in Elohim. Pause.
4. v But thou, Jehovah, art a shield round about me; my glory, v and d the one lifting up my head.
5. With my voice to Jehovah f I cry; v and f he hears me from the hill of his holiness. Pause.
6. I p laid me down v and f I sleep; p I awoke; for Jehovah f sustains me.
7. Not f will I fear ten thousands of the People, that around p have set themselves against me.
8. c Arise, Jehovah; c save me, my Elohim; for p thou hast smitten all d my enemies on the cheekbone; the teeth of the ungodly p hast thou broken.
9. Of [or to] Jehovah is The salvation; on thy People is thy blessing. Pause.
1. For d the chief musician* on stringed instruments. A Psalm of David.
2. b In My calling, c hear me, Elohim of my righteousness; p thou hast made enlargement for me in the distress; c have mercy on me, v and c hear my prayer.
3. Ye sons of men, how long is my glory for a shame? f ye love vanity, f ye seek after lying. Pause.
4. v But c know that Jehovah p has set apart the godly for himself; Jehovah f hears b in my calling on him.
5. c Stand in awe, v and f ye shall not sin; c commune with your own heart on your bed, v and c be still. Pause.
6. c Sacrifice the sacrifices of righteousness, v and c trust in Jehovah.
7. Many d are saying, Who f will show us good? c Lift thou up the light of thy countenance on us, Jehovah.
8. p Thou hast put gladness in my heart, more than in the time their corn and their wine p increased.
9. In peace f will I both lay me down v and f sleep; for thou, Jehovah, alone, f makest me to dwell in safety.
*Chief musician; lit. d the one that has excelled.
1. For d the chief Musician on The flutes. A psalm of David.
2. My words c give ear to, Jehovah, c consider my meditation;
3. c Hearken to the voice of my cry, my King v and my Elohim; for to thee f I pray.
4. Jehovah, in the morning f thou wilt hear my voice; in the morning f will I direct my prayer to thee, v and f will look up:
5. For thou art not an El desirous of wickedness; not f shall dwell with thee evil;
6. Not f shall stand d the foolish before thine eyes; f thou hast hated all d workers of iniquity.
7. f Thou wilt destroy d those speaking lies; Jehovah f abhors the man of blood v and deceit.
8. v But I, -- in the multitude of thy mercy, f I will come to thy house; f I will worship toward the temple of thy holiness in thy fear.
9. Jehovah, c lead me in thy righteousness because of d my enemies; c make straight before my face thy way.
10. For there is nothing in their mouth* d upright; their inward part is wickedness: a sepulchre open their throat; with their tongue f they flatter.
11. c Destroy thou them, Elohim; f they shall fall by their own counsels; in the multitude of their transgressions c cast them out; for p they have rebelled against thee.
12. v But f shall rejoice all d those trusting in thee; for ever f shall they shout for joy; v and f thou defendest them; v and f shall be joyful in thee d the lovers of thy name.
13. For thou f wilt bless, Jehovah, the righteous; as a shield f wilt thou with favour compass him.
*Lit. 'his mouth'; i.e. the mouth of every one of them. -- ED.
1. For d the chief Musician on stringed instruments. On The 8th. A Psalm of David.
2. Jehovah, not in thine anger f wilt thou rebuke me; v and not in thy hot-displeasure f wilt thou chasten me.
3. c Have mercy on me, Jehovah, for d weak am I; c heal me, Jehovah, for my bones p have been vexed.
4. v And my soul p has been sore vexed; v but thou, Jehovah, how long!
5. c Return, Jehovah, c deliver my soul; c save me for the sake of thy mercy.
6. For remembrance of thee, in death, there is none; in the grave* who f will give thee thanks?
7. p I have been wearied with my groaning; f I make to swim my bed through all the night; with my tears my couch f I water.
8. Mine eye p has been consumed by grief; p it has waxed old because of all d my enemies.
9. c Depart from me, all d ye working iniquity; for Jehovah p has heard the voice of my weeping.
10. Jehovah p has heard my supplication; Jehovah f receives my prayer.
11. All d my enemies f shall be ashamed v and f shall be sore vexed; f they shall return; f they shall be suddenly ashamed.
*It is 'Sheol,' the grave; not Gehenna, hell.
1. A wandering-ode. Of David. Which p he sang to Jehovah, on the words of Cush the Benjamite.
2. Jehovah my Elohim, in thee p have I trusted; c save me from all d persecuting me, v and c deliver me;
3. Lest f he shall tear like a lion my soul, d rending in pieces, v and none d delivering.
4. Jehovah my Elohim, if p I have done this; if the existence of iniquity is in my hands;
5. If p I have rewarded evil to d the one peaceful to me; v yea, f I deliver d him being mine enemy causelessly:
6. d The enemy f shall persecute my soul, v and f take it; v yea, f tread down my life to the earth, v and f cause my honour to dwell in the dust. Pause.
7. c Arise, Jehovah, in thine anger, c lift up thyself because of the rage d of my enemies; v and c awake for me the judgment p thou hast commanded.
8. v So the congregation of side-nations f shall compass thee about; v and for its sake c return thou on high.
9. Jehovah f shall judge the Peoples; c judge me, Jehovah, according to my righteousness, v and according to my integrity upon me.
10. Assuredly, now, the wickedness of the wicked f shall come to an end; v but f thou wilt establish the righteous; v and d trier of hearts v and reins is righteous Elohim.
11. My shield is of Elohim, d saving the upright of heart,
12. Elohim is d judge of [or for] the righteous, v and El is d angry every day.
13. If f one turns not, his sword f will he whet; his bow p he has bent, v and f makes it ready;
14. v and for him p he has prepared instruments of death; he f works his arrows against d the persecutors.
15. Behold, f he travails with iniquity, v and p has conceived mischief, v and p has brought forth falsehood.
16. A pit p he made; v and f he digs it, v and f falls into the ditch f he makes.
17. His mischief f shall return on his own head, v and on his own pate his violence f shall come down.
18. f l will praise Jehovah according to his righteousness; v and f I will sing the name of Jehovah Most High, as praise.
1. For d the chief-Musician on The wine Vat. A Psalm of David.
2. Jehovah our Lord [Adonim], how excellent thy name in all The earth! as to which c set* thou thy glory above The heavens.
3. Out of the mouth of babes v and d sucklings p hast thou ordained strength, because of d thy enemies b to still the d enemy v and d avenger.
4. When f I consider thy heavens, work of thy fingers, moon v and stars which p thou hast ordained;
5. What is man, that f thou art mindful of him? v and the son of man, that f thou visitest him?
6. v For f thou makest him a little lower than the angels [elohim], v and with glory v and honour f thou crownest him.
7. f Thou makest him to have dominion over the works of thy hands; all p thou hast put under his feet;
8. Sheep v and oxen all of them, v yea, also, beasts of the field;
9. Fowl of heavens v and fishes of The sea - d passing the paths of the seas.
10. Jehovah, our Lord [Adonim], how excellent thy name in all The earth!
*The word rendered here "set thou" is in the imperative. It occurs twenty-four times in the Old Testament, and here only was translated "hast set," which it could not be.
1. For d the chief-Musician, concerning death for the son, A Psalm of David.
2. f I will praise Jehovah, with all my heart; f I will show forth all thy marvellous works.
3. f I will be glad v and f rejoice in thee; f I will sing praise to thy name, Most High.
4. In b the turning back of d my enemies, f they shall fall v and f perish from thy presence.
5. For p thou hast maintained my right v and my cause; p thou satest in the throne d judging [or judge of] righteousness.
6. p Thou hast rebuked the Nations, p thou hast destroyed the wicked; their name p thou hast put out for ever v and ever.
7. O d enemy, destructions p have ended for perpetuity; v and cities p thou hast destroyed; their memorial p has perished with them.
8. v But Jehovah f endures for ever: p he has prepared for judgment his throne.
9. v And he f will judge the world in righteousness, f he will minister judgment to the side-nations in uprightness.
10. v And Jehovah f will be a refuge for the oppressed, a refuge for times in trouble.
11. v And f will trust in thee d those knowing thy name; for not p hast thou forsaken d those seeking thee, Jehovah.
12. c Sing praises to Jehovah, d the dweller in Zion: c declare among The Peoples his doings.
13. For d making inquisition for blood, them p he remembered; p not has he forgotten the cry of the humble.
14. c Have mercy on me, Jehovah! c consider [Raah] my trouble d from my haters, d thou that art lifting me up from the gates of death:
15. That f I may show forth all thy praise in the gates of the daughter of Zion; f I will rejoice in thy salvation.
16. The Nations p have sunk down in the pit p they made; in the net which p they hid, their own foot p has been taken.
17. Jehovah p has been known by the judgment p he has executed; in the work of his hands the wicked d is snared. Meditation. Pause.
18. The wicked f shall be turned into hell;* all the Nations forgetting Elohim.
19. For not alway - f shall be forgotten the needy; -- [nor] the expectation of the poor f perish for ever.
20. c Arise, Jehovah; f man shall not prevail; the Nations f shall be judged in thy presence.
21. c Put, Jehovah, fear on them; the Nations f shall know that they are men. Pause.
*'Sheol,' the grave.
1. Why, Jehovah, f standest thou in the distance? f thou hidest for the times in trouble!
2. In the pride of the wicked f he persecutes the poor; f they will be taken in the devices which p they have imagined.
3. For the wicked p has boasted of his soul's desire, v and p has blessed d the covetous; -- Jehovah p has abhorred him.*
4. The wicked according to the pride of his countenance, f will not seek; Elohim, there is none, is all his thoughts.
5. His ways f are grievous at every time; thy judgments are a height far above him; all d his enemies, f he puffs at them.
6. p He has said in his heart, f I shall not be moved, who am not for ever and ever in adversity.
7. Cursing p has filled his mouth f and deceit v and fraud; under his tongue mischief v and evil.
8. f He sits in the lurking-places of the villages; in the secret places f he murders the innocent; his eyes f are privily set against the poor;
9. f He lies in wait in the secret place, as a lion in his den; f he lies in wait b to catch the poor: f he catches the poor b by drawing him into his net;
10. f He crouches, he f humbles himself, v and the poor p have fallen by his strong ones.
11. p He said in his heart, El p has forgotten; p he has hid his face; p he has not seen -- for ever;
12. c Arise, Jehovah, El c lift up thy hand; f thou wilt not forget the humble.
13. Wherefore p has the wicked contemned Elohim; p he has said in his heart, f thou wilt not require it.
14. p Thou hast seen it, for thou f beholdest mischief v and spite, b to requite it with thy hand; the poor f commits himself to thee; of the fatherless thou p hast been d the helper.
15. c Break thou the arm of the wicked v and evil; f thou wilt seek out his wickedness till f thou shalt not find any.
16. Jehovah is King for ever v and ever; the Nations p have perished out of his land.
17. The desire of the humble p thou hast heard, Jehovah; f thou preparest their heart, f thou causest thine ear to hear;
18. b To judge the fatherless v and oppressed, till not any more the man from The earth f shall repeat b to oppress.
* So A.V., but 'He has abhorred Jehovah' is better, which verse 13 would seem to confirm. -- ED.
1. For d the chief-musician. David's. In Jehovah p have I trusted; how f say ye to my soul, c Flee, bird, to your mountain:
2. For, lo, The wicked f bend the bow, p they have made ready their arrow on the string to b shoot in the dark at the upright in heart.
3. If The foundations f are destroyed, the righteous what p has he done?
4. Jehovah is in the temple of his holiness; Jehovah, in the heavens is his throne; his eyes f behold, his eyelids f try the children of men:
5. Jehovah f tries the righteous; v but the wicked v and d the lover of violence his soul p has hated.
6. He f shall rain on the wicked snares, fire v and brimstone, v and a wind of burnings; portion of their cup.
7. For righteous Jehovah righteousness p has loved; his countenance f beholds the upright.
1. For d the chief-Musician on The 8th. A Psalm of David.
2. c Help, Jehovah; for the godly man p has ceased; for the faithful p have failed from among the children of men.
3. Vanity f they speak, each with his neighbour; with lip of flatteries and with a double heart [lit. a heart and a heart] f do they speak.
4. Jehovah f shall cut off all lips of flatteries, the tongue d speaking proud things,
5. Which p have said, with our tongue f will we prevail; our lips are our own; who is lord [adon] over us?
6. For the oppression of the poor, for the sighing of the needy, now f will I arise, f saith Jehovah; f I will set him in safety as to him that f puffs at him.
7. The words of Jehovah are pure words; silver d tried in furnace of earth, d purified seven times.
8. Thou f shalt keep them, Jehovah; f thou shalt preserve them from this generation for ever.
9. The wicked f walk around, according to f the exalting of the vilest of the children of men.
1. For d the chief-Musician. A Psalm of David.
2. Till when, Jehovah, f wilt thou forget me? For ever? Till when f hidest thou thy face from me.
3. Till when f shall I take counsel in my soul, sorrow is in my heart daily; till when f shall d mine enemy be exalted over me?
4. c Consider, c hear me, Jehovah my Elohim; c lighten mine eyes, lest f I sleep The sleep of death;
5. Lest d my enemy f shall say, p I have prevailed against him; my troublers f rejoice when f I am moved.
6. v But I in thy mercy p have trusted; my heart f shall rejoice in thy salvation; f I will sing to Jehovah, for p he has dealt bountifully with me.
1. For d the chief-Musician. Of David. The fool p has said in his heart, No, Elohim. p They have been corrupt, p have done abominable works; there is none d doing good.
2. Jehovah p looked down from heaven on the children of men, b to see whether there was the existence of d an understanding one, d seeking Elohim.
3. p Have these all gone aside, together? p Have they become filthy? Is there none d doing good, none, not even one!
4. Whether p have all d the workers of iniquity no knowledge? d eating up my People p they have eaten bread; on Jehovah p have they not called.
5. There p they feared a great fear; for Elohim is in the generation of the righteous.
6. The counsel of the poor f you put to shame, because Jehovah is his refuge.
7. Who f will give the salvation of Israel out of Zion! b in Jehovah's leading captive* the captivity of his People, Jacob f shall rejoice, Israel f shall be glad.
*Rather 'turning back' -- ED.
1. A Psalm of David. Jehovah, who f shall abide in thy tabernacle? who f shall dwell in the hill of thy holiness?
2. d He walking uprightly, v and d working righteousness, v and d speaking the truth in his heart,
3. p He has not backbitten with his tongue: p he has not done to his neighbour evil, v and a reproach against his neighbour p he has not taken up.
4. d A vile person in his eyes p has been contemned; v and d the fearers of Jehovah f he honours; p he has sworn to b his own hurt, v and f he changes not.
5. His silver p he has not put out at usury; v and a bribe against, the innocent p he has not taken; d doing these things f he shall never be moved.
1. A golden Psalm of David. c Preserve me, El; for p I have trusted in thee.
2. My soul, p thou hast said* to Jehovah, Adonay art thou; my goodness not to thee,
3. But to the saints that are on earth v and the excellent; in them is all my delight.
4. Their sorrows f shall be multiplied; p they have hastened after another; not f will I offer their drink-offerings of blood, v and not f will I take up their names on my lips.
5. Jehovah is the portion of my inheritance v and of my cup; thou f dost maintain my lot.
6. The lines p have fallen to me in pleasant things; yea, a heritage of beauty is mine.
7. f I will bless Jehovah, who p has given me counsel; my reins also p have instructed me in the night-seasons.
8. p I have set Jehovah before me always; because he is at my right hand, f I shall not be moved.
9. Therefore my heart p has been glad, v and my glory f rejoices; my flesh also f shall rest in hope.
10. For f thou wilt not leave my soul in hell;* f thou wilt not suffer thy holy one b to see corruption:
11. f Thou wilt make me to know the path of life; fulness of joys is in thy presence; pleasures at thy right hand for evermore.
*The verb is feminine, so perhaps "my soul," which is feminine, may be understood here.
*'Sheol,' not gehenna.
1. A prayer of David. c Hear, Jehovah, righteousness; f attend to my cry; c give ear to my prayer which is not from lips of deceit.
2. From thy presence my sentence f shall come forth; thine eyes f behold upright things.
3. p Thou hast proved my heart; p thou hast visited me at night; p thou hast tried me, f thou wilt not find anything; p I have purposed it; my mouth f shall not transgress.
4. As to the works of men, by the word of thy lips I p have kept from the paths of the destroyer.
5. b Holding up my goings in thy pathways, my footsteps p have not slipped.
6. I p have called on thee, for f thou hearest me, El; c incline thine ear to me, c hear my speech.
7. c Show thy loving-kindness, d causing to save by thy right hand d those trusting in thee d from those rising up against them.
8. c Keep me as the apple of the eye;* under the shadow of thy wings f thou wilt hide me.
9. From the face of the wicked who p have oppressed me, d my enemies against the soul, f they compass me about.
10. Their fat p has inclosed them; as to their mouth p they have spoken with pride.
11. As to our steps, p they have now compassed us in; their eyes f they set b to bow down on the earth,
12. Like as a lion f is greedy b to tear in pieces, v and as a young lion d lurking in secret places.
13. c Arise, Jehovah, c anticipate his face, c cast him down: c deliver my soul from the wicked who is thy sword:
14. From mortals which are thy hand, Jehovah, from mortals of the world; their portion is in this life, v and with thy hidden things f thou fillest their belly; f they are full of children, v and p have left their residue to their babes.
15. I, -- in righteousness f will I behold thy face; f I shall be satisfied b in waking up in thy likeness.
*'The apple of the eye;' lit. 'the little man the daughter of the eye:' a man looking into the eye of another, sees himself reflected there.
1. For d the chief Musician. For the servant of Jehovah, David: who p spake to Jehovah the words of The [or This] very song in the day Jehovah p delivered him from the hand of all d his enemies, v and from the hand of Saul.
2. And f he says: Jehovah, my strength, f I love thee.
3. Jehovah my rock, v and my fortress v and d my deliverer; my El, my strength, f I trust in him; my buckler, v and horn of my salvation, my high-tower.
4. f I call on Jehovah d who is praise-worthy: v and f I shall be saved from d my enemies.
5. Cords of death p compassed me, v and floods of belial [ungodliness] f make me afraid.
6. The cords of hell* p surrounded me: the snares of death p anticipated me.
7. In distress on me, f I call on Jehovah, v and f cry to my Elohim; f he hears my voice from his temple, v and my cry before his face f comes into his ears.
8. v And The earth f shakes and f trembles; v and the foundations of the hills f move v and f are shaken, for p there is wrath to him.
9. A smoke p went up out of his nostrils, v and fire from his mouth f devours: coals p were kindled by it.
10. v And f he bows the heavens, v and f comes down; v and darkness is under his feet.
11. v And f he rides on a cherub, and f flies; v yea, f he flies on the wings of the wind.
12. f He makes darkness his secret-place; round about him, his pavilion is darkness of waters, thick-clouds of the skies.
13. From the brightness before him his thick-clouds p passed, hail v and coals of fire;
14. v And Jehovah f thunders in the heavens, v and the Most-High f gives forth his voice; hail v and coals of fire;
15. v And f he sends out his arrows, v and f scatters them; v and p he shot out lightnings, v and f discomforts them;
16. v And the channels of waters f are seen, v and the foundations of the world f are discovered at thy rebuke, Jehovah; at the blast of the breath of thy nostrils:
17. f He sends from above, f he takes me, f he draws me out of many waters,
18. f He delivers me from my strong d enemy v and from d those hating me; for p they were strong above me.
19. f They anticipate me in the day of my calamity; v but Jehovah f is for a stay to me;
20. v And f he brings me forth into a large place; f he delivers me, because p he delighted in me.
21. Jehovah f rewards me according to my righteousness; according to the cleanness of my hands f does he recompense me.
22. For p I have kept the ways of Jehovah, v and p have not wickedly departed from my Elohim.
23. For all his judgments are before me, v and f I put not away his statutes from me.
24. v And f I am upright with him, v and f keep myself from my iniquity.
25. v And Jehovah f recompenses me according to my righteousness, according to the cleanness of my hands in his eyesight.
26. With the merciful f thou wilt show thyself merciful: with an upright mighty one f thou wilt show thyself upright;
27. With d the pure f thou wilt show thyself pure; v and with the froward f thou wilt show thyself froward.
28. For thou f wilt save an afflicted People; v but f wilt bring down eyes of exaltation.
29. For thou f wilt light my candle; Jehovah, my Elohim, f will enlighten my darkness.
30. For by thee f I run through a troop, v and by my Elohim f I leap a wall;
31. The El, his way is perfect; the word of Jehovah is d tried; a buckler he to all Those d trusting in him.
32. For who is Eloah besides Jehovah? v and who a rock save our Elohim;
33. The El, The one d girding me with strength, v and f he makes my way perfect;
34. d Making my feet like the hinds, v and f he sets me on my high places;
35. d Teaching my hands for the war, v and a bow of steel p has been broken by my arms.
36. v And f thou givest to me the shield of thy salvation; v and thy right hand f holds me up, v and thy gentleness f makes me great.
37. f Thou enlargest my steps under me, v and my feet p have not slipped.
38. f I will pursue d mine enemies, v and f overtake them, v and f not turn again till b their consuming.
39. f I wound them, v and f they are not able b to rise; f they are fallen under my feet.
40. v And f thou girdest me with strength for the battle; f thou subduest under Me d those rising up against me,
41. p Thou hast given me v also the necks of d my enemies; v and f I will destroy those d hating me:
42. f They cry, v but none d saving them; on Jehovah. v but p he answered them not.
43. v Then f do I beat them small as dust before the face of the wind; as the dirt of the streets f I do cast them out.
44. f Thou deliverest me from the strivings of the People; f thou makest me for head of the Nations; a People p I have not known f shall serve me.
45. b At the hearing of the ear, f they will hear me; children of the stranger f will submit* themselves to me.
46. The children of the stranger f fade away, v and f are afraid out of their close places.
47. Jehovah is living,* v and d blessed be my rock; v and the Elohim of my salvation f shall be exalted;
48. The El is The one d giving requitals for me, v and f he will subjugate the Peoples under me;
49. d Delivering Me d from my enemies; yea, f thou liftest me up from among d those rising up against me; from the man of violence f thou deliverest me.
50. Therefore f I give thanks to thee, Jehovah, among the Nations, v and to thy name f I sing praise.
51. d Magnifying salvation to his King; v and d showing loving-kindness to his Anointed, to David, v and to his seed for evermore.
*'Sheol,' not gehenna.
*Probably feignedly submit to me.
*'Living,' an adjective.
1. For d the chief-Musician. A Psalm of David.
2. The heavens d are declaring the glory of El; v and The firmament d showing the work of his hands:
3. Day to day f utters speech, v and night to night f shows knowledge;
4. No speech, v and no language, but their voice p has been heard;
5. Their line p has gone out through all The earth, v and their words to the end of the world; in them p has he set a tabernacle for the sun,
6. v And he as a bridegroom d going out of his chamber, f he rejoices as a strong one b to run a race;
7. His going forth is from the end of The heavens, v and his circuit to the ends of them; v and nothing d has been hid from the heat thereof.
8. The law of Jehovah is perfect, d converting the soul; the testimony of Jehovah d is sure, d making-wise the simple.
9. The statutes of Jehovah are right, d rejoicing the heart; the commandment of Jehovah is pure, d enlightening the eyes.
10. The fear of Jehovah is clean, d enduring for ever; the judgments of Jehovah are truth, p they have been righteous altogether.
11. These are d to be desired more than gold, v and than much fine gold; v and sweeter than honey v and the honeycomb.*
12. Also by them is thy servant d warned; b in keeping of them is great reward.
13. Who f understands his errors? c cleanse thou me from d secret things.
14. c Keep back thy servant also from presumptuous things; f they shall not have dominion over me; then f I shall be upright; v and p I have been innocent from* the great transgression.
15. The words of my mouth, v and the meditation of my heart, f will be acceptable in thy sight, Jehovah, my strength v and d my redeemer.
*Marg., 'The dropping of honeycombs.'
*Or 'clear, guiltless of.'
1. For d the chief-Musician. A Psalm of David.
2. Jehovah f hears thee in the day of trouble; the name of the Elohim of Jacob f defends thee;
3. f Sends thee help from the sanctuary, v and f strengthens thee out of Zion;
4. f Remembers all thy offerings v and f accepts thy burnt sacrifice. Pause.
5. f Grants thee according to thine heart, v and f fulfils all thy counsel.
6. f We will rejoice in thy salvation, v and in the name of our Elohim f we will set up banners; Jehovah f fulfils all thy petitions.
7. Now p I have known that Jehovah p has saved his Anointed; f he will hear him from the heavens of his holiness, with the strength of the salvation of his right hand.
8. These of the chariot, v and these of horses; v but we f will make mention of the name of Jehovah our Elohim.
9. These p have been brought down and p have fallen; v but we p have risen v and f stand upright.
10. Jehovah c save The king; f he hears us in the day of b our calling.
1. For d the chief-Musician. A Psalm of David.
2. Jehovah, in thy strength the king, f shall joy; v and in thy salvation how greatly f shall he rejoice.
3. Desire of his heart p thou hast given to him, v and request of his lips p thou hast not withholden. Pause.
4. For f thou dost anticipate him with blessings of goodness; f thou settest a crown of pure gold on his head.
5. Life p he asked from thee, p thou gavest to him length of days for ever and ever.
6. Great is his glory in thy salvation; honour v and majesty f thou layest on him.
7. For f thou dost make him blessings for ever; f thou dost make him glad with the joy of thy countenance.
8. For The king d is trusting in Jehovah, v and in the loving-kindness of the Most High, not f shall he be moved.
9. Thine hand f shall find out all d thine enemies; thy right hand f shall find out d those hating thee.
10. f Thou shalt make them as an oven of fire in the time of thine anger; Jehovah in his wrath f will swallow them up, v and fire f shall devour them.
11. Their fruit f wilt thou destroy from the earth, v and their seed from among the children of men.
12. For p they intended evil against thee; p they imagined a mischievous-device, which f they are not able to do.
13. For f thou wilt make them turn the back; f thou wilt make ready on thy bow strings against the face of them.
14. c Be exalted, Jehovah, in thy strength; f we will sing v and f praise thy power.
1. For d the chief-Musician, on The hind of The dawn. A Psalm of David.
2. My El, my El, why p hast thou forsaken me! far from helping me, the words of my roaring.
3. My Elohim, f I cry in the daytime, v but f thou hearest not, v and in the night season, v and there is no silence to me.
4. v But thou art holy, d the one inhabiting the praises of Israel.
5. In thee our fathers p trusted; p they trusted, v and f thou rescuest them.,
6. To thee p they cried v and p were delivered; in thee p they trusted, v and p were not confounded.
7. v But I a worm v and no man; a reproach of men v and d despised of the People.
8. All d seeing me f scornfully laugh at me; f they shoot out the lip, f they shake the head,
9. b Rolling on Jehovah, f he rescues him; f he will draw him forth, for p he delighted in him.
10. For thou art d the taker of me out of the womb; d making me hope on the breasts of my mother.
11. Upon thee p was I cast from the womb; from the belly of my mother, my El art thou.
12. f Thou wilt not be far from me; for trouble is near; for none d helping.
13. Many bulls p have compassed me; strong ones of Bashan p have beset me round.
14. p They gaped on me their mouths, as a lion d ravening v and d roaring;
15. p I have been poured out like water, v and all my bones p have been out of joint; my heart p has been like wax, p it has been melted in the midst of my bowels.
16. My strength p has been dried up like a potsherd; v and my tongue d cleaved to my jaws; v and f thou bringest me to the dust of death.
17. For dogs p have compassed me; the assembly of d the wicked p have enclosed me; p they pierced my hands v and my feet.
18. f I tell all my bones; these f look, f they stare on me.
19. f They part my garments among them, v and f cast the lot on my vesture.
20. v But thou, Jehovah, f art not far off. My strength, for my help c haste thou;
21. c Deliver my soul from the sword; my darling* from the hand of the dog,
22. c Save me from the mouth of the lion; v even from the horns of the unicorns, p thou hast heard me.
23. f I will declare thy name to my brethren; in the midst of the congregation f will I praise thee.
24. Fearers of Jehovah, c praise him; all ye the seed of Jacob c glorify him; v and c fear before him, all ye the seed of Israel.
25. For p he has not despised v and p he has not abhorred the affliction of the afflicted one; v and p he has not hidden his face from him; v and b in his crying to him p he heard.
26. Of thee my praise shall be in the great congregation; my vows f will I pay before his fearers.
27. The meek f shall eat v and f be satisfied; d those seeking him f shall praise Jehovah; your heart f shall live for ever.
28. All the ends of the earth f shall remember v and f turn to Jehovah; v and all the kindreds of the Nations f shall worship before thee.
29. For to Jehovah is The kingdom; v and d he ruling among the Nations.
30. All the fat of the earth p have eaten v and f worship; all d going down to the dust f shall bow before him; v and his own soul p he* has not kept alive.
31. A seed f serves him; f it shalt be accounted to Adonay for a generation.
32. f They come v and f declare his righteousness to a People d about to be born; for p he has done it.
*'My only one' would be better.
*He or "one," like the French "on"
1. A Psalm of David. Jehovah d is shepherding me: f I do not want.
2. In pastures of greenness f he makes me to lie down; by waters of rest f he leads me;
3. My soul f he restores; f he leads me in paths of righteousness, for the sake of his name.
4. Yea, though f I walk in the valley of the shadow of death, f I will not fear evil; for thou art with me, thy rod and thy staff, these f comfort me.
5. f Thou preparest before me a table in the presence of d my enemies; p thou hast anointed my head with oil; my cup runs over.*
6. Surely goodness v and loving-kindness f will follow me all the days of my life; v and p I have dwelt in the house of Jehovah for ever.*
*Marg., 'has moisture.'
*Lit 'for length of days.'
1. For David. A psalm. The earth is for Jehovah v and its fulness; the world v and d those dwelling in it:
2. For he p has founded it on the seas, v and f establishes it on the floods.
3. Who f ascends into the mount of Jehovah; v and who f shall stand in the place of his holiness?
4. Clean of hands v and the pure of heart; who p has not lifted up his soul to vanity v and p has not sworn deceitfully:
5. f He shall receive blessing from Jehovah, v and righteousness from the Elohim of his salvation.
6. This the generation of d those following him, d seeking thy face, Jacob. Pause.
7. c Lift up ye gates your heads; v and be you lifted up, you doors of everlasting; v and the king of The glory f shall come in.
8. Who is this king of The glory? Jehovah strong v and mighty, Jehovah mighty in battle.
9. c Lift up ye gates your heads; v and c lift up ye doors of everlasting: v and the king of The glory f shall come in.
10. Who, He, this king of The glory? Jehovah of hosts, He is King of The glory. Pause.
1. For David. To thee, Jehovah, f I lift up my soul:
2. My Elohim, in thee p have I trusted, f I shall not be ashamed; d my enemies f shall not triumph over me;
3. Yea, not any d of those waiting on thee f shall be ashamed: The d transgressors without cause f shall be ashamed.
4. c Show me thy ways, Jehovah; c teach me thy paths.
5. c Lead me in thy truth, v and c teach me; for thou art Elohim of my salvation; on thee p have I waited all The day.
6. c Remember, Jehovah, thy tender-mercies v and thy loving-kindnesses; for these are ever of old.
7. The sins of my youth v and my transgressions f thou wilt not remember: thou, according to thy loving-kindness c remember thou me, for the sake of thy goodness, Jehovah.
8. Good v and upright is Jehovah; therefore f will he teach sinners in the way.
9. f He will guide the meek in judgment; v and the meek f will he teach his way.
10. All the paths of Jehovah are loving-kindness v and truth d to those keeping his covenant v and his testimonies.
11. For the sake of thy name, Jehovah, p thou hast pardoned v also my iniquity, for it is great.
12. Who this The man fearing* Jehovah? f he will teach him in the way f he will choose.
13. His soul f shall dwell in good; v and his seed f shall inherit the earth.
14. The secret of Jehovah is for those fearing him v and his covenant, b to make them know it.
15. My eyes are ever toward Jehovah; for he f will pluck my feet out of the net.
16. c Turn thou to me, v and c have mercy on me, for solitary v and afflicted am I.
17. The troubles of my heart p have been enlarged; out of my distresses c bring me.
18. c Look on my affliction v and my pain, v and c forgive all my sins.
19. c Look on d my enemies, for p they have increased, v and p they have hated me with hatred of violence.
20. c Keep my soul, v and c deliver me; f I shall not be ashamed, for p I have trusted in thee.
21. Integrity v and uprightness f will preserve me; for p I have waited on thee.
22. c Redeem Israel, Elohim out of all his troubles.
*'Fearing,' adjective.
1. For David. c Judge me, Jehovah, for I p have walked in my integrity, v and in Jehovah p I have trusted; f I shall not slide.
2. c Examine me, Jehovah, v and c prove me; c try my reins v and my heart;
3. For thy loving-kindness is before mine eyes; v and p I have walked in thy truth;
4. p I have not sat with vain mortals, v and with d dissemblers f I go not;
5. p I have hated the congregation of d evil-doers, v and with the wicked f I will not sit.
6. f I will wash in innocency my hands, v and I will compass thy altar, Jehovah:
7. b To make known with the voice of thanksgiving; v and b to tell of all thy d wondrous-works.
8. Jehovah, p I have loved the habitation of thy house, v and the place of the dwelling of thy glory.
9. f Thou wilt not gather with sinners my soul, v and with men of blood my life;
10. As to whom in their hands is mischief, v and their right hand p has been full of bribes:
11. v But I, in my integrity f will walk; c redeem me, v and c be merciful to me.
12. My foot p has stood in an even place; in the congregations f will I bless Jehovah.
1. For David. Jehovah, my light v and my salvation. Of whom f shall I be in fear? Jehovah the strength of my life, of whom f shall I be afraid?
2. b In drawing near to me d the wicked, b to eat up my flesh, my foes v and d my enemies against me these p stumbled v and p fell.
3. If a camp f encamps against me, my heart f shall not fear; if war f rises against me, in this am I d confident.
4. One thing p have I desired from Jehovah, that f will I seek after; b my dwelling in the house of Jehovah all the days of my life, b to behold the beauty of Jehovah, v and b to enquire in his temple.
5. For f he will conceal me in his pavilion in the day of trouble, he will hide me in the secret of his tabernacle; on a rock f will he set me up.
6. v And now my head f shall be lifted up above d my enemies round about me, v and f I will offer in his tabernacle sacrifices of joy; f I will sing, v even f I will sing praises to Jehovah.
7. c Hear Jehovah, with my voice f I cry; v and c have mercy on me, v and c answer me.
8. To thee p said my heart, c Seek ye my face; thy face, Jehovah, f I will seek:
9. f Thou hidest not thy face from me, f thou puttest not in anger thy servant away; my help p hast thou been: f thou wilt not leave me, v and f thou wilt not forsake me, Elohim of my salvation.
10. When my father v and my mother p forsook me, v even Jehovah f takes me up.
11. c Teach me thy way, Jehovah, v and c lead me in a plain path, because of d my enemies.
12. f Thou wilt not give me over to the desire of my enemies, for witnesses of lies p have risen up against me, v and those breathing* out cruelty: they'll triumph,
13. Unless p I have believed b to look on the goodness of Jehovah in the land of the living.
14. c Wait thou on Jehovah; c be strong, v and f he will strengthen thy heart, v even c wait on Jehovah.
*'Breathing,' an adjective.
1. For David. To thee, Jehovah, f I cry, my rock; f thou wilt not be silent as to me, lest, if f thou art silent as to me, p I v even have become like d those going down to the pit.
2. c Hear the voice of my supplications, b in my crying to thee, b in the lifting up of my hands to the oracle of thy holiness.
3. f Thou wilt. not draw me away with the wicked, v and with d the workers of iniquity, d speaking peace with their neighbours, v and mischief in their hearts.
4. c Give to them according to their work, v and according to the wickedness of their endeavours: according to the work of their hands c give to them; c return to them their desert,
5. Because f they regard not the works of Jehovah v and the operation of his hands; f he will destroy them, v and f not build them up.
6. d Blessed be Jehovah, because p he has heard the voice of my supplications.
7. Jehovah is my strength v and my shield; in him my heart p trusted, v and p I have been helped; v and my heart f greatly rejoiceth: v and with my song f I will praise him.
8. Jehovah is strength to them, v and the strength of the salvations of his anointed is he.
9. c Save thy People, v and c bless thy inheritance; v and c feed them, v and c lift them up for The ever [eternity].
1. A Psalm of David. c Give to Jehovah, ye sons of the mighty, c give to Jehovah, glory v and strength.
2. c Give to Jehovah, the glory of his name; c worship toward Jehovah in the beauty of holiness.
3. The voice of Jehovah is on The waters; El of The glory p has thundered; Jehovah is on many waters.
4. The voice of Jehovah is in power; The voice of Jehovah in majesty.
5. The voice of Jehovah d breaking cedars; v and Jehovah, f he breaks the cedars of The Lebanon.
6. v And f he makes them skip as a calf, -- Lebanon v and Sirion as the young of unicorns.
7. The voice of Jehovah d dividing the flames of fire;
8. The voice of Jehovah, f shakes the wilderness; Jehovah f shakes the wilderness of Kadesh;
9. The voice of Jehovah f makes the hinds to calve, v and f lays bare the forests, v and in his temple each of his d speaking of glory.
10. Jehovah on the flood p has sat; v yea, Jehovah f sits King for ever.
11. Jehovah, strength to his People f gives; Jehovah f blesses his People with peace.
1. A Psalm; Song of dedication of The house of David.
2. f I will extol thee, Jehovah; for p thou hast lifted me up, v and not p made d my foes to rejoice over me.
3. Jehovah my Elohim p I cried to thee, v and f thou healest me.
4. Jehovah, p thou hast brought up my soul from the grave; p thou hast kept me alive b from my going down to the pit.
5. c Sing to Jehovah, ye his saints, v and c give thanks at the remembrance of his holiness.
6. For a moment is in his anger; life is in his favour; weeping f will endure for a night,* v and in the morning joy.
7. v And I p said in my prosperity, f I shall not be removed for ever;
8. Jehovah, by thy favour p thou hast made to stand my mountain in strength p thou didst hide thy face, p I became d troubled.
9. To thee, Jehovah, f I cry, v and to Jehovah f I make my supplication.
10. What profit in my blood, b in my going down to the pit. Whether f shall the dust give thanks to thee? Whether f will it declare thy truth?
11. c Hear, Jehovah, v and c have mercy on me; Jehovah, c be thou d helping me,
12. p Thou hast turned my mourning to dancing for me; p thou hast put off my sackcloth, v and f thou girdest me with gladness.
13. To the end that glory f shall sing praise to thee, v and f it shall not be silent. Jehovah my Elohim, for ever f will I give thee thanks.
*Lit. 'for the evening.' -- ED.
1. For d the chief-Musician. A Psalm of David.
2. In thee, Jehovah, p have I trusted, f I shall not be ashamed for ever; in thy righteousness c deliver me.
3. c Bow down to me thine ear; speedily c deliver me; c be to me for a strong rock, for a house of defence b to save me;
4. For my rock v and my fortress art thou; v and for the sake of thy name f thou wilt lead me, v and f guide me;
5. f Thou wilt pull me out of the net which p they have laid privily for me, for thou art my strength.
6. Into thy hand f I commit my spirit; p thou hast redeemed me, Jehovah, El of truth.
7. p I have hated d those regarding vanities of lying, v and I in Jehovah p have trusted.
8. f I will be glad v and f will rejoice in thy loving-kindness; in that p thou hast seen my trouble; p thou hast known in adversities my soul.
9. v And p thou hast not shut me up in the hand of the d enemy; p thou hast made my feet stand in a large room.
10. c Have mercy on me, Jehovah, for trouble is on me; mine eye p has been consumed with grief, my soul v and my belly.
11. For my life p has consumed with grief, v and my years with sighing; my strength p has failed from my iniquity, v and my bones p have consumed.
12. p I became a reproach among all my d enemies, v and greatly to my neighbours; v and a fear to my d acquaintance; d those seeing me without p they fled from me.
13. p I have been forgotten as a dead man out of mind, p I have been as a vessel d perishing.
14. For p I have heard the slander of many; fear was on every side; b in their taking counsel together against me, p they devised b the taking of my life.
15. v But I p trusted on thee, Jehovah; p I said, my Elohim art thou.
16. In thy hand are my times, c deliver me from the hand of d my enemies v and from d those persecuting me.
17. c Make thy face to shine upon thy servant; c save me in thy loving-kindness.
18. Jehovah, f I shall not be ashamed, for p I have called on thee; the wicked f shall be ashamed, f they shall be silent in the grave.
19. Lips of lies f shall be put to silence; d Those speaking against the righteous grievous things, in pride v and contempt.
20. How great thy goodness, which p thou hast laid up for those fearing thee; p thou hast wrought for d those trusting in thee before the sons of men:
21. f Thou wilt hide them in the hiding-place of thy presence from the pride of man; f thou wilt keep them secretly in a pavilion from the strife of tongues.
22. d Blessed be Jehovah, for p he has showed me his marvellous loving-kindness in a strong city.
23. v And p I said in my haste, p I have been cut off from before thine eyes, surely p thou heardest the voice of my supplications b in my crying to thee.
24. c Love Jehovah, all ye his saints; Jehovah d preserver of the faithful, v and, d requiting plentifully the proud d doer.
25. c Be strong, v and f he will strengthen your hearts, all d those hoping in Jehovah.
1. David's. Instruction. Blessed is d he who is forgiven as to transgression, v and d covered as to sin.
2. Blessed is the man to whom Jehovah f imputes not iniquity; v and in his spirit there is no guile.
3. When p I kept silence, my bones p waxed old through my roaring all The day.
4. For day v and night thy hand f is heavy on me; my moisture p has been turned into the drought of summer. Pause.
5. My sin f I acknowledge, v and my iniquity p I have not hid; p I said, f I confess concerning my transgressions to Jehovah; v and thou p thou didst forgives the iniquity of my sin. Pause.
6. For this every one that is godly f shall pray to thee in a time of b finding; surely in the flood of great waters f they will not come nigh to him.
7. Thou art a hiding-place for me; from trouble f thou wilt preserve me; with songs of deliverance f thou wilt compass me about. Pause.
8. f I will instruct thee v and f teach thee in what way f thou shalt go; f I will guide over thee mine eye.
9. f You shall not be as horse, as mule, without b understanding; with bit v and bridle their mouth b to restrain, that there be not b the drawing near to thee.
10. Many sorrows are to the wicked; v but The d truster in Jehovah, loving-kindness f shall compass him about.
11. c Be glad in Jehovah, v and c rejoice, ye righteous; v and c shout for joy, all ye upright in heart.
1. c Rejoice, ye righteous, in Jehovah; for the upright praise is comely.
2. c Praise Jehovah with harp, with psaltery of ten strings, c sing to him.
3. c Sing ye to him a new song, c do well in b playing with a loud noise.
4. For right is the word of Jehovah, v and all his works are in truth:
5. d Loving righteousness v and judgment, he; with the loving kindness of Jehovah The earth p is full;
6. By the word of Jehovah the heavens p were made, v and by the breath of his mouth all their host;
7. d Gathering together as an heap the waters of The sea, d laying up in stores the depths;
8. All The earth f shall fear Jehovah, all d the inhabitants of the world f shall be in awe of him.
9. For he p spoke, v and f it exists; p he commanded, v and f it stands fast.
10. Jehovah p brought to nought the counsel of the Nations, p he made the devices of the Peoples of none effect.
11. The counsel of Jehovah f stands for ever, the thoughts of his heart to all generations.
12. Blessed is The Nation whose Elohim is Jehovah, The People p he has chosen for an inheritance to himself.
13. From the heavens p looked down Jehovah, p he beheld all the sons of The man.
14. From the place of b his dwelling p he looked to all d those inhabiting The earth.
15. d The one forming their hearts alike, d The one considering all their works.
16. No one who is The king is d saved by the multitude of a host, a mighty one f is not delivered by much strength.
17. Vain The horse for safety, v and not by his great strength f is he saved.
18. Behold, the eye of Jehovah is on those fearing him, on d those hoping in his kindness,
19. b To deliver from death their soul, v and b to keep them alive in famine.
20. Our soul p has waited on Jehovah, our help v and our shield is he.
21. For in him f rejoices our heart, for p we trusted in the name of his holiness.
22. Thy kindness, Jehovah, f is on us, as p we hoped in thee.
1. David's. b In his changing his conduct before Abimelech; v and f he drives him away, v and f he departs.
2. f I bless Jehovah at all times, continually his praise is in my mouth.
3. In Jehovah my soul f shall make her boast; the humble f shall hear v and f be glad.
4. c Magnify Jehovah with me, v and f we will exalt his name together.
5. p I sought Jehovah, v and p he heard me, and from all my fears p delivered me.
6. p They looked to him, v and
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At Oxford he met John Nelson Darby and Benjamin Wills Newton. Dissatisfied with the established church, Wigram and his friends left the Anglican church and helped establish non-denominational assemblies which became known as the Plymouth Brethren.
Wigram had a keen interest in the original Hebrew and Greek texts of the Bible, which was of great interest to the emerging Brethren assemblies. In 1839, after years of work and financial investment, he published The Englishman's Greek and English Concordance to the New Testament, followed in 1843 by The Englishman's Hebrew and Chaldee Concordance to the Old Testament.
With Wigram's help, Darby became the most influential personality within the Brethren movement. Wigram is often referred to as being Darby's lieutenant as he firmly supported Darby during moments of crisis. He also helped Darby fend off accusations of heresy, also in regards to the sufferings of Christ, in articles written in 1858 and 1866, which some considered were very similar to Newton's errors two decades earlier.
George Vicesimus Wigram was converted whilst a subaltern officer in the army, and in 1826 entered at Queen's College, Oxford, with the view of taking orders. As an undergraduate he came into contact with Mr. Jarratt of the same college, and with Messrs. James L. Harris and Benjamin Wills Newton, both of Exeter College, who were all destined to take part in the ecclesiastical movement with which Wigram's name is also prominently connected. This connection was strengthened from about the year 1830, when these friends, all Devonians, were associated in the formation of a company of Christians at Plymouth, who separated from the organised churches, and were gathered to the Name alone of Jesus, in view of bearing a testimony to the unity of the church, and to its direction by the Holy Spirit alone, whilst awaiting the second coming of the Lord.
Wigram was active in the initiation of a like testimony in London, where by the year 1838 a considerable number of gatherings were formed on the model of that at Plymouth.
In 1856 he produced a new hymn book, "Hymns for the Poor of the Flock," which for some twenty-five years remained the staple of praise in the meetings with which he was associated. Ten years after the first appearance of the hymn book edited by him he stood by J. N. Darby once again at a critical juncture, when the question of the doctrine maintained by the latter on the sufferings of Christ some further dissension occurred, though the teaching was vindicated. During the rest of his life he paid visits to the West Indies, New Zealand, etc., where his ministry seems to have been much appreciated. He passed away in 1879.