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John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 12:40

Verse 40 40.Now the sojourning of the children of Israel. The beginning of this period is not reckoned from the coming down of Jacob, for it is very clear from other passages, that, from the time that Jacob entered into Egypt to the Exodus, not more than 230 years at most had passed. (147) The Jews generally only reckon 210; but Moses includes also the period during which Abraham and his children were not in possession of the promised land. The meaning therefore is, that from the time that the... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 12:42

Verse 42 42.It is a night to be much observed. He shows that the Israelites have good cause for sacrificing to God with a solemn ceremony year by year for ever, and for celebrating the memory of that night; and that the Passover was instituted in token of their gratitude. But this admonition was very useful, in order that the Israelites should retain the legitimate use of this solemn feast-day, and that it might not grow into a mere cold ceremony, as is often the case; but that rather they... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 12:43

Verse 43 43.This is the ordinance of the passover. Since the passover was the sacred bond whereby God would hold the elect people in obligation to Himself, He forbids all strangers from partaking of it; because a promiscuous permission to eat of it would have been an unworthy profanation. And in fact, since this is a supplement to the First Commandment, it only addresses itself to those unto whom is directed the preface of the Law, “Hear, O Israel; The Lord our God is one Lord.” We know that... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 12:46

Verse 46 46.Neither shall ye break a bone thereof. I am not certain why God desired no bone to be broken; unless that this might also be a sign of haste; because people at table seldom partake of the marrow, unless when their entertainment is protracted. For I fear there is too much subtlety in the explanation which some give, that the virtue of Christ, which is represented by the bones, is not diminished whilst we feed on His flesh. But the former opinion which I have glanced at above, as it... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 12:29-42

Egypt's sorrow: Israel's joy. I. THE JUDGMENT OF EGYPT EMBLEM AND PROMISE OF THE WORLD 'S JUDGMENT . 1 . The time of visitation; midnight, when all were wrapt in deepest slumber and, notwithstanding the warning which had been given, busy only with dreams. The world will be surprised in the midst of its false security. "As it was in the days of Noel etc. 2 . Its universality. There were none so high that God's hand did not reach them, and none so low that... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 12:29-42

March at midnight. "This is that night of Jehovah" ( Exodus 12:42 ). Observe the striking words of the text! "The night of Jehovah," a night in which he specially appeared and acted on behalf of Israel. For a description of the scenery of this eventful night see Dr. W . M . Taylor's "Moses," 99-101. In the treatment of this subject considerable exposition will be necessary. For material, see expository section of this commentary. It may, in order to include all important points, be... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 12:37-38

In the departure of the Israelites from Egypt, after they had received permission to set out, two things are principally remarkable: 1 . All were of one mind—none hung back; 2 . A mixed multitude cast in their lot with them, elected to accompany them, and resolved to share their fortunes. The first of these two facts shows— I. THAT IN TIMES OF EXCITEMENT , UNDER DIVINE GUIDANCE , A WHOLE NATION WILL ACT AS ONE MAN . Critical times are favourable to... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 12:37-40

The exodus as a fact in history. The exodus from Egypt lay at the foundation of the national life of Israel. It appears in the history as a supernatural work of God. The subsequent legislation assumes it to have possessed this character. The bond of covenant declared to exist between the people and Jehovah had its ground in the same transaction. They were God's people, and were bound to adhere to him, and to obey his laws, because he had so marvellously redeemed them. Every motive and... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 12:38

A mixed multitude went up also with them . Kalisch supposes that these strangers were native Egyptians, anxious to escape the tyranny of the kings. Canon Cook suggests that they were "remains of the old Semitic population" of the Eastern provinces. Perhaps it is more probable that they consisted of fugitives from other subject races (as the Shartana) oppressed by the Pharaohs. We have again mention of this "mixed multitude" in Numbers 11:4 , where we find that they were the first to regret... read more

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