Êxodo 28:13-21 NVIPT

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Exodus 28:6-14

Directions are here given concerning the ephod, which was the outmost garment of the high priest. Linen ephods were worn by the inferior priests, 1 Sam. 22:18. Samuel wore one when he was a child (1 Sam. 2:18), and David when he danced before the ark (2 Sam. 6:14); but this which the high priest only wore was called a golden ephod, because there was a great deal of gold woven into it. It was a short coat without sleeves, buttoned closely to him, with a curious girdle of the same stuff (Exod.... read more

Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Exodus 28:15-30

The most considerable of the ornaments of the high priest was this breast-plate, a rich piece of cloth, curiously wrought with gold and purple, etc., two spans long and a span broad, so that, being doubled, it was a span square, Exod. 28:16. This was fastened to the ephod with wreathen chains of gold (Exod. 28:13, 14, 22) both at top and bottom, so that the breast-plate might not be loosed from the ephod, Exod. 28:28. The ephod was the garment of service; the breast-plate of judgment was an... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 28:13

And thou shalt make ouches of gold. Or sockets of gold, to put the two onyx stones in, Exodus 28:11 for of other ouches we read not, excepting the enclosings, in which the twelve stones of the breastplate were set, Exodus 28:20 and these are again mentioned because of the chains to be fastened to them, of which in the following verse. read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 28:14

And two chains of pure gold at the ends ,.... The use of which was to hang the breast plate on, after described; one end of them was fastened to rings on the ouches in the shoulder pieces, and the other end to rings on the breastplate, and thus it hung: of wreathen work shall thou make them ; these chains were not made after the manner of circles or ringlets coupled together, as chains usually are, but of golden wires twisted together as a rope is twisted and fasten the wreathen... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 28:15

And thou shall make the breastplate of judgment ,.... Called a "breastplate", because worn upon the breast of the high priest; and a breastplate "of judgment", because it was to put him in mind that he should do justice and judgment in the execution of his office, and that he should have at heart the judgment of the people of Israel; and in difficult cases should ask it of God, and faithfully declare it to them: it was, with the twelve stones in it, an emblem of the church and people of God,... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 28:16

Four square it shall be, being doubled ,.... That is, when it was doubled; for the length of it, according to Maimonides F3 Cele Hamikdash, c. 9. sect. 6. , was a cubit, which is two spans, and so, when it was doubled, was but one, and its length and breadth being alike, as follows: a span shall be the length thereof, and a span shall be the breadth thereof; a square, which is the measure, the form of the new Jerusalem, the church of Christ, Revelation 21:16 and may denote... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 28:17

And thou shalt set in it settings of stones ,.... Or "fill in it fillings of stones" F4 ומלאת בו מלאת אבן "et implebis in eo plenitudinem lapidis", Montanus; "vel eum impletione lapidis", Pagninus; "implebis in eo impletione lapidis", Drusius. ; which shows that there were in it ouches, or sockets of gold, the hollows of which were to be filled up with precious stones: even four rows of stones ; making a four square, and so filling up the measure of the breastplate: the... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 28:18

And the second row shall be an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond. The first of these stones is by both the Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan rendered an "emerald", as by us; and which is described by Pliny F11 Ut supra, (Nat. Hist. l. 37.) c. 5. as of a green colour, exceeding delightful and pleasant, and to which he gives the third place among precious stones; though by many the stone here called Nophec is thought to be the carbuncle, and is so rendered by the Septuagint; the carbuncle... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 28:19

And the third row, a ligure, an agate, and an amethyst. The first of these stones, the ligure or lyncurius, is said to be so called from the congealed urine of the lynx F14 Vid. Plin. Nat. Hist. l. 37. c. 3. , but rather from the spots of that creature; for, according to Danaeus F15 Apud De Dieu in loc. , it is the same stone with that called "stellina", from having many specks like stars spread about in it. Braunius F16 Ut supra, (De Vestitu Sacerd. Heb. l. 2.) c. 14. sect.... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 28:20

And the fourth row a beryl, and an onyx, and a jasper ,.... Whatever stone is meant by the first in this row, it must be of a sea green colour; for "tarshish", the word used, signifies the sea; and so the beryl, as Pliny F18 Nat. Hist. l. 37. c. 5. says, imitates the greenness of the pure sea. Braunius F19 Ut supra, (De Vestitu Sacerd Heb. l. 2.) c. 17. sect. 7. p. 720. takes it to be the chrysolite that is meant; and so does Ainsworth; and it is so rendered by the Septuagint;... read more

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Exodus 28:6-14

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Exodus 28:15-30

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 28:13

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 28:14

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 28:15

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 28:16

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 28:17

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 28:18

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 28:19

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 28:20

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