Exode 21:8-15 BDS

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Exodus 21:1-11

The Exod. 21:1 is the general title of the laws contained in this and the two following chapters, some of them relating to the religious worship of God, but most of them relating to matters between man and man. Their government being purely a Theocracy, that which in other states is to be settled by human prudence was directed among them by a divine appointment, so that the constitution of their government was peculiarly adapted to make them happy. These laws are called judgments, because they... read more

Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Exodus 21:12-21

Here is, I. A law concerning murder. He had lately said, Thou shalt not kill; here he provides, 1. For the punishing of wilful murder (Exod. 21:12): He that smiteth a man, whether upon a sudden passion or in malice prepense, so that he die, the government must take care that the murderer be put to death, according to that ancient law (Gen. 9:6), Whoso sheddeth man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed. God, who by his providence gives and maintains life, thus by his law protects it; so that... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 21:8

If she please not her master ,.... "Be evil in the eyes of her master" F16 רעה בעיני "mala in oculis", Montanus; "mala videbitur in oculis", Junius & Tremellius; "mala fuerit in oculis", Drusius. ; and he has no liking of her, and love to her, not being agreeable in her person, temper, or conduct, so that he does not choose to make her his wife: who hath betrothed her to him ; but not completed the marriage, as he promised, when he bought her, or at least gave reason to... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 21:9

And if he have betrothed her unto his son ,.... Not caring to betroth and marry her himself, as being more suitable in age for his son than for himself: he shall deal with her after the manner of daughters ; as if she was his daughter, and give her a dowry: or the son shall treat her after the manner the daughters of Israel are treated when married, by giving her food, raiment, and the duty of marriage, so Jarchi: or after the manner of the daughters of Israel that are virgins, and who... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 21:10

If he take him another wife ,.... The father takes another wife for his son, or the son takes another wife to himself after he has betrothed and married his father's maidservant: her food, her raiment, and her duty of marriage, shall he not diminish ; neither deny it her in whole, nor lessen it in part, but give her her full due of each. What is meant by the two former words is easy, and admits of no difficulty, the latter is differently interpreted. Some take it to signify no other than... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 21:11

And if he do not these three unto her ,.... Not the three things last mentioned; though this sense, Aben Ezra says, many of their interpreters give, which is rejected by him, so do some Christian expositors; but these three things are, espousing her to himself, or to his son, or redeeming her by the hand of her father; that is, letting her be redeemed by him, as the Targum of Jonathan; and so Jarchi, Aben Ezra, and Ben Melech: the meaning is, if one or other of these things are not done: ... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 21:12

He that smiteth a man, so that he die ,.... The Targum of Jonathan is, that smites a man or daughter of Israel with the sword; but there is no need to restrain the words either to persons of any certain nation, nor to any instrument with which a person may be smitten as to die: but any human person, man, woman, or child, of whatsoever nation, and they smitten with anything whatever, that issues in their death: shall surely be put to death ; by the order of the civil magistrate, and by... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 21:13

And if a man lie not in wait ,.... For the life of another to take it away; or does not do it willingly, as the Septuagint version, does not seek after it, nor design it: but God delivers him into his hand ; it being suffered and ordered by the providence of God, without whose knowledge and will nothing comes to pass, even what may seem to be a contingent thing, or matter of chance, to us; or it is so brought about in providence, that one man falls into the hands of another, and his life... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 21:14

But if a man come presumptuously upon his neighbour, to slay him with guile ,.... That comes with malice in his heart, with wrath in his countenance, in a bold, daring, hostile manner, using all the art, cunning, and contrivance he can, to take away the life of his neighbour; no asylum, no refuge, not anything to screen him from justice is to be allowed him: hence, a messenger of the sanhedrim, or an executioner, one that inflicts the forty stripes, save one, or a physician, or one that... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 21:15

And he that smiteth his father or his mother ,.... With his fist, or with a stick, or cane, or such thing, though they died not with the blow, yet it occasioned any wound, or caused a bruise, or the part smitten black and blue, or left any print of the blow; for, as Jarchi says, the party was not guilty, less by smiting there was a bruise, or weal, made, or any mark or scar: but if so it was, then he shall be surely put to death ; the Targum of Jonathan adds, with the suffocation of a... read more

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Exodus 21:1-11

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Exodus 21:12-21

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 21:8

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 21:9

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 21:10

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 21:11

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 21:12

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 21:13

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 21:14

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Exodus 21:15

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