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Verses 12-17

Acts 18:12-Esther : . Gallio and Paul.— Gallio’ s proconsulship is fixed by an inscription at Delphi which came to light in 1905 ; and gives an absolute date in Pauline chronology (p. 655 ). He had not been proconsul when Paul came to Corinth ( Acts 18:12); his arrival in Achaia is found to have been after midsummer (A.D. 51 ), while Paul came there early in 50 . Gallio was the brother of the philosopher Seneca, who describes him as “ sweet” ( dulcis) , and was a man of the highest culture. After his arrival the Jews brought Paul before him on the same charge as that made at Philippi ( Acts 16:21) and at Thessalonica ( Acts 17:7), that he preached an illegal religion. Gallio at once decides that as no punishable act is alleged, he will not enter on discussion as to a doctrine and a controversy about persons and the Jewish Law, and so dismisses the case. The attack made by the Jews drew down the wrath of the populace (D has “ all the Greeks” ). Sosthenes (not he of 1 Corinthians 1:1) has to suffer for it; Gallio continues in his attitude of indifference to such squabbles.

From 1818 to 1920 we have a set of anecdotes mostly connected with Ephesus and hanging loosely together.

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