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Verses 10-16

Titus 1:10-Nehemiah : . Titus’ Attitude to False Teachers.— Loyalty to sound doctrine is needful for silencing many deceitful teachers— not outside the Church (Hort), but self-constituted instructors within its borders, who reject its discipline (“ unruly” = insubordinate). These men, exemplifying Epimenides’ judgment ( 600 B.C.) of the Cretan character, teach error for monetary profit ( cf. 1 Timothy 6:5). Chiefly, and therefore not wholly, of Jewish origin ( Titus 1:10), they base their empty talking on Jewish legends ( 1 Timothy 1:3-1 Kings : *) and mere human traditions which foster asceticism. Their asceticism is manifestly false, since pure men can make a pure use of everything ( 1 Timothy 4:1-Deuteronomy : *), while those who are impure and unbelieving can use nothing purely, their whole mind being contaminated and their conduct denying their profession ( Titus 1:14-Nehemiah :). All such errorists Titus must summarily refute.

Titus 1:11 . lucre: Cretans were notorious lovers of money.

Titus 1:12. With this quotation cf. those from Aratus ( Acts 17:28) and Menander ( 1 Corinthians 15:33). The view that Paul enjoyed a liberal education is probably true, but cannot be inferred solely from these citations.— liars: “ to speak like a Cretan” was synonymous with “ lying.” For the allusion and its significance see Rendel Harris in Exp., Oct. 1906 , April 1907 , Oct. 1912 , Jan. 1915 .

Titus 1:15 . Rather “ for the pure” ( cƒ . Romans 14:20).

Titus 1:16 . profess: better, “ confess.” Far too mild a term for the second-century Gnostic!

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