John 19:13

When Pilate , &c. = Pilate therefore having heard.

that saying . All the texts read "these words".

in = upon. Greek. epi. App-104 .

judgment seat . Greek. bema: literally a pace, a step, then a platform or raised place. In this case it was a stone platform with a seat in the open court in front of the Praetorium. Occurs only here in John.

in. Greek. eis. App-104 .

the Pavement . Greek. lithostrotos = strewn with stone: i.e. of mosaic or tesselated work.

Gabbatha. Aramaic. App-94 . The meaning of this word is uncertain.