Verses 11-21
Stubble was the part of the corn or grain stalk that remained standing after field hands had harvested a crop (Exodus 5:12). This the Israelites chopped up and mixed with the clay to strengthen their bricks.
"In Exodus 2:23 the cry of the people went up before God. By contrast, here in Exodus 5:15 the cry of the people is before Pharaoh. It is as if the author wants to show that Pharaoh was standing in God’s way and thus provides another motivation for the plagues which follow." [Note: Sailhamer, The Pentateuch . . ., p. 250.]
"This Pharaoh, so unreasonable with men and so stingy with straw, is about to be shown up before Yahweh as no more than a man of straw." [Note: Durham, p. 66.]
The Israelites turned on Moses just as the Israelites in Jesus’ day turned against their Savior.
"The Lord God brought a vine out of Egypt, but during the four hundred years of its sojourn there, it had undeniably become inveterately degenerate and wild." [Note: Meyer, p. 18.]
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