Verse 6
"All" refers to all believers. God is the Father of all believers, who are His children. He is over them in the sense of being their sovereign. He lives through them and manifests Himself in them.
Evidently Paul began this list of seven elements of unity with the Spirit’s work because he had been speaking of the unity of the Spirit (Ephesians 4:3). He then proceeded to discuss the gifts of the Spirit (Ephesians 4:7-13; cf. 1 Corinthians 12:4-6).
"The unity of the church is due to charis, God’s grace having reconciled us to himself; but the diversity of the church is due to charismata, God’s gifts distributed to church members." [Note: Stott, pp. 155-56.]
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