Hebrews 10:30-31

In Deuteronomy 32, which the writer quoted here twice (Deuteronomy 32:35-36; Deuteronomy 32:40-41), Moses warned the Israelites against apostatizing. That was this writer’s point here as well. It is a terrifying prospect for a believer who has renounced his or her faith to fall under God’s hand of chastisement. Note that the writer addressed this warning to believers, though many interpreters have applied it to unbelievers. [Note: See Fanning, pp. 407-8.]

"Actually, Hebrews 10:30-31 forms a parallel reference to 2 Corinthians 5:10-11, and the preceding verses (Hebrews 10:26-29) provide additional information concerning that facet of the judgment seat associated with the ’terror of the Lord.’" [Note: Arlen L. Chitwood, Judgment Seat of Christ, p. 31.]

Hebrews 10:31 is not so much a logical conclusion from what precedes as it is a summary recalling the context of the Deuteronomy quotations. [Note: Ellingworth, p. 543.]