Verse 12
Then were the king's scribes called, on the thirteenth day of the first month ,.... The month Nisan, Esther 3:7 , after Haman had leave and power from the king to destroy the Jews, and his ring given him in token of it; the king's scribes or secretaries of state were called together on that day, to write the letters for that purpose:
and there was written according to all that Haman had commanded ; whatever he would have done; he had an unlimited power to do what he pleased, and he made use of it, and directed the scribes what they should write:
unto the king's lieutenants, and to the governors that were over every province ; the deputy governors of the one hundred and twenty seven provinces, Esther 1:1
and to the rulers of every people of every province ; it seems there were different people in every province, which had their rulers; and these were sent to:
according to the writing thereof, and to every people after their language ; and letters were written in the language, and character of the language, each people spoke, that they might be understood by them:
in the name of King Ahasuerus was it written, and sealed with the king's ring . All this Haman took care to have done so early as the thirteenth of Nisan, though the execution was not to be until the thirteenth of Adar, eleven months after; partly that there might be time enough to send the letters everywhere, even to the most distant parts; and chiefly lest Ahasuerus should change his mind, and be prevailed upon to revoke his grant; and, it may be, either to keep the Jews in continual dread, or cause them to flee.
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