Genesis 32:9-12 - Exposition

And Jacob said ,—the combined beauty and power, humility and boldness, simplicity and sublimity, brevity and comprehensiveness of this prayer, of which Kalisch somewhat hypercritically complains that it ought to have been offered before resorting to the preceding precautions, has been universally recognized— O God of my father Abraham, and God of my father Isaac, the Lord— Jacob's invocation is addressed not to Deity in general, but to the living personal Elohim who had taken his fathers Abraham and Isaac into covenant, i . e . to Jehovah who had enriched them with promises of which he was the heir, and who had specially appeared unto himself (cf. Genesis 28:13 ; Genesis 31:3 , Genesis 31:13 )— which saidst unto me, Return unto thy country, and to thy kindred, and I will deal well with thee: —here was a clear indication that Jacob had in faith both obeyed the command and embraced the promise made known to him in Haran— I am not worthy of the least of (literally, I am less than ) all the mercies, and (of) all the truth, which thou hast showed unto thy servant;— the profound humility which these words breathe is a sure indication that the character of Jacob had either undergone a great inward transformation, if that was not experienced twenty years before at Bethel, or had shaken off the moral and spiritual lethargy under which he too manifestly labored while in the service of Laban— for with my staff ( i . e . possessing nothing but my staff) I passed over this Jordan (the Jabbok was situated near, indeed is a tributary of the Jordan); and now I am become two bands (or Macha-noth). Deliver me, I pray thee, from the hand of my brother, from the hand of Esau (thus passing from thanksgiving to direct petition, brief, explicit, and fervent): for I fear him, lest he will come and smite me ( i . e . my whole clan, as Ishmael, Israel, Edom signify not individuals, but races), and the mother with the children . Literally, mother upon the children , a proverbial expression for unsparing cruelty (Rosenmüller, Keil), or complete extirpation (Kalisch), taken from the idea of destroying a bird while sitting upon its young (cf. Hosea 10:14 ). And thou saidst, I will surely do thee good,— literally, doing good , I will do good to thee ( vide Genesis 28:13 ). Jacob here pleads the Divine promises at Bethel ( Genesis 28:13-15 ) and at Haran ( Genesis 31:3 ), as an argument why Jehovah should extend to him protection against Esau—conduct at which Tuch is scandalized as "somewhat inaptly reminding God of his commands and promises, and calling upon him to keep his word; but just this is what God expects his people to do ( Isaiah 43:26 ), and according to Scripture the Divine promise is always the petitioner's best warrant— and make thy seed as the sand of the sea, —this was the sense, without the ipsissima verb? of the Bethel promise, which likened Jacob's descendants to the dust upon the ground, as Abraham's seed had previously been compared to the dust of the earth ( Genesis 13:16 ), the stars of heaven ( Genesis 15:5 ), and the sand upon the sea-shore ( Genesis 22:17 )— which cannot be numbered for multitude.