Psalms 32:1

1. Covered This is the literal signification of the Hebrew word, and is here used synonymously with forgiven, as if, when sin is pardoned, it is hidden, put out of sight; that is, it was without further judicial recognition. In this sense it is equal to כפר , ( kaphar,) to cover, which is the standing word for to atone, to expiate, as Nehemiah 4:5; (compare Hebrews 3:37;) Psalms 85:2. The Hebrews knew of no pardon without atonement. Expiation annihilated guilt, and was the basis of all communion with God. In this case, as David offered no animal sacrifice of expiation, a higher and more prototypical view of the subject must have sustained his faith. See on Psalms 51:16