Joel 3:19

19. While Judah is thus prospering, the curse of desolation (Joel 2:3) will fall upon Edom and Egypt on account of the crimes committed against the children of Israel.

Egypt Much had Israel suffered from Egypt from the time of the Exodus to the Exile. The only time when friendly relations existed was for a brief period during the reign of Solomon ( 1Ki 3:1 ; 1 Kings 9:16, etc.). The friendship during the Assyrian period, condemned by the prophet Isaiah, was not sincere. Egypt was well watered by nature and by artificial irrigation, but this will avail nothing when the blow from Jehovah will fall.

Edom Located south and southeast of the Dead Sea. After the destruction of Jerusalem the Edomites occupied territory in southern Judah. They also were long-time enemies of the Israelites, and they are severely condemned for rejoicing over the fall of the holy city (Psalms 137:7). It is quite possible that these two hostile nations are mentioned merely as types of all enemies of Israel and of the God of Israel.

Violence This violence consisted in the shedding of innocent blood. In their land Not in the land of the Judaeans (Wuensche), but of the Egyptians and Edomites.

Shed innocent blood Not in time of warfare, but in unprovoked massacres of peaceable Jews dwelling in these lands (Exodus 1:16; Amos 1:11; Obadiah 1:10).