Reigned from September 5, 1316 to December 4, 1334. Born in 1249 in Cahors, France as Jacques d'Euse; died on December 4, 1334 at Avignon, France. Bishop of Frejus. Chancellor to Charles II of Naples. Bishop of Avignon, France. Cardinal-bishop of Porto. Elected 196th pope after an interregnum of over two years, he took up his residence at Avignon. During his pontificate he was involved in controversies with the Franciscans and Conventuals, and with Louis of Bavaria whom he admonished not to exercise his rights until the legitimacy of the election had been approved. The subsequent action of Louis brought on his excommunication and, with the protection of the Colonna family, he came to Rome in 1328, declared John deposed and set up the anti-pope Pietro Rainalducci (Nicholas V) who later came to Avignon, penitent, and was absolved in 1330. As pope John enlarged and partly reorganized the papal Curia, and was very active in the administration of the ecclesiastical revenues.
This dictionary contains not only definitions and explanations of every subject in Religion, Scripture, tradition, doctrine, morals, sacraments, rites, customs, devotions and symbolism, but also accounts of the Church in every continent, country, diocese; missions, notable Catholic centers, cities, and places with religious names; religious orders, church societies, sects and false religions. It has brief articles also on historical events and personages, on the Old Testament and New, and on popes, prelates, priests, men and women of distinction, showing what the Church has done for civilization and correcting many errors which have hitherto passed for history.Wikipedia
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