Reigned from December 30, 1370 to March 27, 1378. Born in 1331 in the castle of Maumont, Limoges, France as Pierre Roger de Beaufort; died Rome, Italy. Canonist, theologian, and cardinal-deacon, he was ordained a priest one day before his consecration as pope. His policy of appointing Frenchmen to positions in Italy led to rebellion. At the insistence of Saint Catherine of Siena he moved his court from Avignon to Rome in 1376. However, he was unable to secure peace, and just before his death had decided to return to France. He condemned Wycliffism in five Bulls, secured peace for Castile, Aragon, Navarre, Sicily, and Naples, and carried on a war with the tyrant Barnabo Visconti of Milan.