The Mosaic law (Numbers 5:11-31 ) prescribed that the suspected wife should be tried by the ordeal of the "water of jealousy." There is, however, no recorded instance of the application of this law. In subsequent times the Rabbis made various regulations with the view of discovering the guilty party, and of bringing about a divorce. It has been inferred from John 8:1-11 that this sin became very common during the age preceding the destruction of Jerusalem.

Idolatry, covetousness, and apostasy are spoken of as adultery spiritually ( Jeremiah 3:6,8,9; Ezekiel 16:32; Hosea 1:2:3;; Revelation 2:22 ). An apostate church is an adulteress (Isaiah 1:21; Ezekiel 23:4,7,37 ), and the Jews are styled "an adulterous generation" (Matthew 12:39 ). (Compare Revelation 12 .)