All not Greek, in contrast to the Greeks (Romans 1:14). Primitively all speaking an unknown tongue (1 Corinthians 14:11); the Maltese, as speaking a Punic dialect (Acts 28:2; Acts 28:4). Subsequently the word implied cruelty and savagery. Distinguished from Scythians, the wild races beyond the Roman empire; "barbarians" were within it (Colossians 3:11).