Luke 23:32-46

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Luke 23:36-38

The Roman soldiers also taunted Jesus. Their offer of sour wine was a mock relief for His sufferings (Psalms 69:21; cf. Matthew 27:34). If they had wanted to relieve Him, they should have given Him something refreshing rather than revolting. Their words also expressed ridicule for His title that they had nailed above His head on Pilate’s order (John 19:19-22). read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Luke 23:39

The first criminal (robber, Matthew 27:38; Mark 15:27) joined the mockery of others around the cross by implying Jesus’ inability to save Himself and His fellow sufferers. He was bitterly sarcastic of Jesus. [Note: Morris, p. 328.] His verbal abuse constituted blasphemy (Gr. eblasphemei). Blasphemy is essentially impious irreverence and defamation. Obviously this man did not believe that Jesus was the Messiah. Luke may have intended this criminal’s action as a warning to his readers not to do... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Luke 23:39-43

The salvation of one criminal 23:39-43This is another incident that only Luke recorded. It reflects his interest in needy people receiving salvation from Jesus. This is such a dominant theme in Luke’s Gospel that one commentator concluded that this incident is the core of Luke’s crucifixion narrative. [Note: Ellis, p. 267.] The attitudes of the two criminals crucified with Jesus represent the two attitudes that lead to condemnation and salvation. The incident is also another testimony to Jesus’... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Luke 23:40-41

Matthew and Mark wrote that both criminals railed at Jesus (Matthew 27:44; Mark 15:32). Luke focused on the repentance of the second one. This man did believe that Jesus was the Messiah (Luke 23:42). He therefore viewed the blasphemy of his compatriot as worthy of divine judgment on top of human condemnation. He admitted His own guilt (cf. Luke 18:13-14) and did not try to excuse His acts. He went further and even defended Jesus’ innocence. read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Luke 23:42

His request that Jesus remember him was a call for salvation. He claimed nothing deserving of Jesus’ mercy but simply asked for grace in spite of His guilt. It anticipated a distant time when Jesus would return, raise the righteous dead, and establish His kingdom on the earth. The man’s view of Messiah was that He was divine, not just a present political deliverer. Evidently this man had heard Jesus’ teachings about the kingdom.". . . the second criminal is a perceptive person who contrasts... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Luke 23:43

The man received more from Jesus than he expected, as is always true in salvation. Jesus prefaced His solemn promise with a guarantee of its validity. The thief would not have to wait for the kingdom to be with Jesus. He would be with Him in the place of righteous departed spirits that very day when they both died.Paradise and Abraham’s bosom (Luke 16:22-26) are the same place. The word "paradise" has come into English from Greek but originally from Persian. It describes a beautiful garden or... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Luke 23:44-45

Luke arranged these unusual occurrences to show God’s displeasure with humankind for rejecting His Son. [Note: Marshall, The Gospel . . ., pp. 873-74.] The sixth and ninth hours were noon and 3:00 p.m. respectively. Darkness obscuring the sun represented judgment obscuring the beneficent light of God’s countenance (cf. Isaiah 5:30; Isaiah 60:2; Joel 2:30-31; Amos 5:18; Amos 5:20; Zephaniah 1:14-18; Luke 22:53; Acts 2:20; 2 Peter 2:17; Revelation 6:12-17). Evidently this was a local rather than... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Luke 23:44-49

Jesus’ self-sacrifice to God 23:44-49 (cf. Matthew 27:45-56; Mark 15:33-41; John 19:28-30)Luke included three things in this heart of the death scene. He gave two evidences of God’s displeasure with people for rejecting His Son, he recorded Jesus’ prayer of trust in the Father, and he noted three immediate reactions to Jesus’ death. read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Luke 23:46

Luke next recorded Jesus’ death and, just before it, Jesus’ final prayer to His Father.Jesus’ Words on the CrossMatthewMarkLukeJohn"Father, forgive them."Luke 23:34"Today you shall be with me in paradise."Luke 23:43"Woman, behold your son," and "Behold, your mother."John 19:26-27"My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?"Matthew 27:46Mark 15:34"I thirst."John 19:28"It is finished."John 19:30"Father, into your hands I commend my spirit."Matthew 27:50Luke 23:46In this prayer Jesus offered Himself... read more

John Darby

Darby's Synopsis of the New Testament - Luke 23:35

23:35 sneered, (b-12) See Note, ch. 16.14. read more

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