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Matthew Poole

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible - Romans 4:6

To the example of Abraham taken from Moses, he adjoins the testimony of David, that so he might more fully prove what he had asserted, Romans 3:21; both the one and the other were of great authority amongst the Jews. Here it may be objected, that David no where says, that he is blessed unto whom God imputeth righteousness without works. Answer. Though the words be no where extant in David, yet the sense is, as appears in what follows. {see Romans 4:7} read more

Matthew Poole

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible - Romans 4:7

This testimony is taken out of Psalms 32:1, and it is well enough accommodated to the occasion, for those two, to remit sin, and to impute righteousness, are inseparable. The one is put here figuratively for the other. They mistake, who take occasion from hence to make justification to consist only in remission of sin: the text will not bear it. The apostle’s design is, not hereby to declare the full nature of justification, which he had done before; but only to prove the freedom of it from any... read more

Matthew Poole

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible - Romans 4:8

The same thing is expressed three several ways; there are three things in sin to be considered: 1. There is an offence against God, which is said to be forgiven. 2. There is a filthiness in sin, which is said to be covered. 3. There is guilt in it, which is said not to be imputed. read more

Matthew Poole

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible - Romans 4:9

This word cometh is not in the original, but it is aptly inserted by our translators. Circumcision again is put for the circumcised, and uncircumcision for the uncircumcised: see Romans 2:28. For we say; q.d. This we have proved, and it is on all hands confessed, that faith was reckoned to Abraham for righteousness: now, therefore, the question is, whether this blessedness of justification belongs to the circumcised only, or to the uncircumcised also. read more

Matthew Poole

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible - Romans 4:10

And if this be the question, the way to resolve it, is, to consider in what circumstances Abraham was when his faith was thus reckoned to him for righteousness; it was a long time before he was circumcised. The promise to which Abraham’s faith had respect, was made to him fourteen years, at least, before his circumcision: compare Genesis 15:2, and Genesis 17:24,Genesis 17:25; also see Genesis 16:16. If the blessedness, therefore, of justification was not annexed to circumcision, the Gentiles... read more

Matthew Poole

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible - Romans 4:11

The sign of circumcision; or, circumcision, which is a sign. Two things are here affirmed of circumcision: 1. That it was a sign. Of what? Of the circumcision of the heart, of original sin and its cure. 2. That it was a seal. Of what? Of the righteousness of faith: of the meaning of which, See Poole on "Romans 1:17". This is a periphrasis of the covenant of grace, wherein righteousness is promised, and made over to us in a way of believing: and this is not the only place where the righteousness... read more

Matthew Poole

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible - Romans 4:12

The former verse tells you he was the father of the believing Gentiles, for the covenant was made with him, for all his believing seed, when he was uncircumcised, which shows, that righteousness is and may be imputed to them also without any outward circumcision: and then he is the father of the believing Jews; especially of as many of them as unto circumcision do add the imitation of his faith; who, besides circumcision, which they derived from him, do also transcribe his divine copy, and... read more

Matthew Poole

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible - Romans 4:13

Some by the world do understand, the world of the faithful, or believers dispersed over all the world: and so in effect it is the same which he said before, that Abraham should be the father of all that believe, whether of the circumcision or uncircumeision. Others by the world do understand the land of Canaan, under which also heaven was typically promised and comprehended: see Hebrews 4:3; Hebrews 11:9,Hebrews 11:10,Hebrews 11:16. This, by a synecdoche, is put for all the world; and so also... read more

Matthew Poole

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible - Romans 4:14

i.e. If they that trust to the fulfilling of the law, be heirs of the promise of God, and so the inheritance come by works; then faith is to no purpose, neither is there any use of it; and so also the promises which are made to believers are vain and useless. This is the sun, of this verse; a more particular explication follows. If they which are of the law: compare this with Galatians 3:9,Galatians 3:10. There the apostle sorts them that seek righteousness and salvation into two kinds. First,... read more

Joseph Exell

Preacher's Complete Homiletical Commentary - Romans 4:1-17

CRITICAL NOTESRomans 4:1.—Alford, following Meyer, says κατὰ σάρκα is in contrast to κατὰ πνεῦμα, and refers to that part of our being from which spring works in contrast with that which is the exercise of faith. κατὰ σάρκα in respect to efforts by one’s own natural powers, or efforts made in one’s own strength.Romans 4:2. ἐξ ἔργων.—Talmud maintains that Abraham was justified by works.Romans 4:3.—Jewish Rabbis viewed Abraham’s faith as so much merit. “As the reward of his faith our father... read more

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