2 Samuel 12:1-7

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - 2 Samuel 12:5

The man - shall surely die - Literally מות בן ben maveth , "he is a son of death," a very bad man, and one who deserves to die. But the law did not sentence a sheep-stealer to death; let us hear it: If a man steal an ox or a sheep, he shall restore Five Oxen for an ox, and Four Sheep for a sheep, Exodus 22:1 ; and hence David immediately says, He shall restore the lamb Fourfold. read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - 2 Samuel 12:7

Thou art the man - What a terrible word! And by it David appears to have been transfixed, and brought into the dust before the messenger of God. Thou Art this son of death, and thou shalt restore this lamb Fourfold. It is indulging fancy too much to say David was called, in the course of a just Providence to pay this fourfold debt? to lose four sons by untimely deaths, viz., this son of Bath-sheba, on whom David had set his heart, was slain by the Lord; Amnon, murdered by his brother... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 12:1

EXPOSITION Jehovah sent Nathan unto David. Though David had remained unrepentant for nearly a year, for we read in 2 Samuel 12:14 that the child was born, yet we are not to suppose that there had been no compunctions of conscience. A man could scarcely pass from utter callousness to a state of mind so tender as that depicted in Psalms 51:1-19 without some preparation. Assuredly David had suffered much mental distress, but he had given no outward sign of contrition, and possibly,... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 12:1

( JERUSALEM .) A faithful reprover of sin. "And Jehovah sent Nathan to David." The sin Of David could not be hid. It was known to his servants ( 2 Samuel 11:4 ) and to Joab; it must have been surmised by many from his hasty marriage; and now it was fully manifest ( 2 Samuel 11:27 ). About a year had elapsed. "What a year for David to have spent! What a joyless, sunless, godless year! Were God's words still sweet to his taste? Were they still the rejoicing of his heart? or had he... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 12:1-4

( THE KING 'S PALACE .) The parable of the rich oppressor; or, the poor man's lamb. 1 . This is the first and almost the only parable contained in the Old Testament. There is one instance of a fable of earlier date ( 9:8-15 ). The former belongs to a higher order of teaching than the latter (Smith's 'Dict. of the Bible,' art. "Fable;" Trench, 'Notes on the Parables'); and it was employed most perfectly by the great Teacher. Compare his parables of the unmerciful servant,... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 12:1-14

The facts are: 1. God sends Nathan the prophet to David, who tells him a story of the greed of a wicked rich man, who, to satisfy his avarice, took away and slew the pot ewe lamb of a poor man. 2 . David, accepting the story as a matter of fact, is very angry with this man, and swears that for his deed and lack of compassion he ought to die and restore fourfold. 3 . Nathan thereupon reveals the parabolic character of his narrative, by saying unto David, "Thou art the man !" 4 ... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 12:3

Was unto him as a daughter. The Orientals are excessively fond of pet animals, and, as the dog is with them unclean, its place is taken by fawns, kids, or lambs. The description, therefore, is not overcharged, for in many an English home the dog or cat takes its place as one of the family. The Revised Version preserves the tenderness of the original in translating "it did eat of his own morsel." read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 12:4

A traveller, … wayfaring man,… man that was come to him. Nathan probably used these three terms chiefly to diversify his language, but it has served as a handle for much allegorizing. Thus Rashi explains it of covetousness, which comes at first as a mere "passer by," the literal meaning of the word rendered "traveller." But, if admitted, it grows into "a wayfaring man," who comes and goes on business, and stays a longer time. Finally it changes into "one who has come to him," and remains... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 12:5

Shall surely die. It is strange language to declare that a man shall be put to death and then fined four lambs; But David says nothing of the sort, but that the man is "a son of death," that is, a wretch who deserves to die. The Revised Version correctly renders, "is worthy to die." The sentence actually passed, of fourfold restitution, is exactly in accordance with the Mosaic Law ( Exodus 22:1 ), but the moral turpitude of the offence was far greater than could be atoned for by the legal... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 12:5-6

( JERUSALEM .) The blinding influence of sin. "David's anger was greatly kindled against the man;" he declared with a solemn oath ( 2 Samuel 4:9-11 ) that he deserved to die (literally, "was a son of death," 1 Samuel 26:16 ; 1 Kings 2:26 ), and ordered restitution according to the Law ( Exodus 22:1 ). His severity displayed the fiery temper of the man, and the arbitrary power of the monarch, rather than the calm deliberation of the judge; and (like the treatment of the... read more

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - 2 Samuel 12:5

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - 2 Samuel 12:7

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 12:1

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 12:1

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 12:1-4

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 12:1-14

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 12:3

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 12:4

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 12:5

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 12:5-6

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