Genesis 21:8-18

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Genesis 21:15

And the water was spent in the bottle ,.... It was all drank up by them, being thirsty, having wandered about some time in a wilderness, where they could not replenish their bottle: the Jewish writers say F5 Pirke Eliezer, ut supra. (c. 30.) Targ. Jon. in loc. that when Hagar came into the wilderness, she began to wander after the idols of the house of Pharaoh her father, and immediately the water ceased from the bottle, or was drank up by Ishmael, being seized with a burning fever: ... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Genesis 21:16

And she went and sat her down over against him , a good way off ,.... Not being able to bear the sight of her child in his agonies, and, as she apprehended, ready to expire, she went from the place where she had laid him, and sat down under one of the shrubs or trees to shade herself, right over against that where her child was, though at some distance, which is next expressed: as it were a bowshot ; about as far off from him as an arrow can be shot, or is usually shot out of a bow;... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Genesis 21:17

And God heard the voice of the lad ,.... By which it appears that he cried also; but whether it was in prayer to God, or through the distress and misery he was in, is not certain; and, be it which it will, his cries came up into the ears of the Lord, and he had compassion on him, and supplied his wants, and delivered him out of his miserable condition: and the angel of God called to Hagar out of heaven ; not a created angel, but the eternal one, the Son of God, the Angel of the covenant,... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Genesis 21:18

Arise, lift up the lad ,.... She had set herself down at some distance, and now she is bid to rise up and go to the place where she had left her son, and raise aim up from the ground, on which he lay along: and hold him in thine hand : or take hold on him with thine hand, and hold him up with it, he being so weak that he could not sit up without being supported: for I will make him a great nation : which is a renewal of a promise before made both to her and to Abraham, Genesis 16:10... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Genesis 21:8

The child grew and was weaned - Anglo-Saxon Version. Now the child waxed and became weaned. We have the verb to wean from the Anglo-Saxon awendan , to convert, transfer, turn from one thing to another, which is the exact import of the Hebrew word גמל gamal in the text. Hence wenan , to wean, to turn the child from the breast to receive another kind of ailment. And hence, probably, the word Wean, a young child, which is still in use in the northern parts of Great Britain and Ireland,... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Genesis 21:9

Mocking - What was implied in this mocking is not known. St. Paul, Galatians 4:29 , calls it persecuting; but it is likely he meant no more than some species of ridicule used by Ishmael on the occasion, and probably with respect to the age of Sarah at Isaac's birth, and her previous barrenness. Jonathan ben Uzziel and the Jerusalem Targum represent Ishmael as performing some idolatrous rite on the occasion, and that this had given the offense to Sarah. Conjectures are as useless as they... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Genesis 21:10

Cast out this bondwoman and her son - Both Sarah and Abraham have been accused of cruelty in this transaction, because every word reads harsh to us. Cast out; גרש garash signifies not only to thrust out, drive away, and expel, but also to divorce; (see Leviticus 21:7 ;); and it is in this latter sense the word should be understood here. The child of Abraham by Hagar might be considered as having a right at least to a part of the inheritance; and as it was sufficiently known to Sarah... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Genesis 21:12

In Isaac shall thy seed be called - Here God shows the propriety of attending to the counsel of Sarah; and lest Abraham, in whose eyes the thing was grievous, should feel distressed on the occasion, God renews his promises to Ishmael and his posterity. read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Genesis 21:14

Took bread, and a bottle - By the word bread we are to understand the food or provisions which were necessary for her and Ishmael, till they should come to the place of their destination; which, no doubt, Abraham particularly pointed out. The bottle, which was made of skin, ordinarily a goat's skin, contained water sufficient to last them till they should come to the next well; which, it is likely, Abraham particularly specified also. This well, it appears, Hagar missed, and therefore... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Genesis 21:15

And she cast the child - הילד את ותשלך vattashlech eth haiyeled , and she sent the lad under one of the shrubs, viz., to screen him from the intensity of the heat. Here Ishmael appears to be utterly helpless, and this circumstance seems farther to confirm the opinion that he was now in a state of infancy; but the preceding observations do this supposition entirely away, and his present helplessness will be easily accounted for on this ground: Young persons can bear much less fatigue... read more

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