Joshua 10:1-10

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Joshua 10:9

Joshua therefore came unto them suddenly ,.... Which no doubt threw them into consternation and confusion: and went up from Gilgal all night ; he chose the night for secrecy and surprise, and that he might be the sooner with the enemy, and to the assistance and relief of Gibeon; and as it was about nine or ten miles from Gilgal to Gibeon, it was easily performed in a night's march; See Gill on Joshua 9:6 . read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Joshua 10:10

And the Lord discomfited them before Israel ,.... Disturbed, troubled, and frightened them, at the appearance and presence of the people of Israel; they were thrown into terror and confusion upon their approach, being so sudden and unexpected: and slew them with a great slaughter at Gibeon ; by the Israelites, who came upon them suddenly: and chased them along the way that goeth up to Bethhoron ; there were two places of this name, the upper and the nether, both built by Sherah, the... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Joshua 10:1

Adoni - zedec - This name signifies the Lord of justice or righteousness; and it has been conjectured that the Canaanitish kings assumed this name in imitation of that of the ancient patriarchal king of this city, Melchizedek, whose name signifies king of righteousness, or my righteous king: a supposition that is not improbable, when the celebrity of Melchizedek is considered. Jerusalem - ירושלם Yerushalam . This word has been variously explained; if it be compounded of שלם ... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Joshua 10:2

As one of the royal cities - Not a regal city, but great, well inhabited and well fortified, as those cities which served for the royal residence generally were. It does not appear that the Gibeonites had any king - they seem to have been a small but powerful republic, all the men thereof were mighty, merely governed by their elders: for in their address to Joshua, Joshua 9:11 , they mention no king, but simply state that they were sent by their elders and the inhabitants of... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Joshua 10:3

Hoham king of Hebron - This city was situated in the mountains, southward of Jerusalem, from which it was about thirty miles distant. It fell to the tribe of Judah. Piram king of Jarmuth - There were two cities of this name; one belonged to the tribe of Issachar, see Joshua 21:29 ; that mentioned here fell to the tribe of Judah, see Joshua 15:35 ; it is supposed to have been about eighteen miles distant from Jerusalem. Japhia king of Lachish - This city is... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Joshua 10:5

The five kings of the Amorites - This is a general name for the inhabitants of Canaan, otherwise called Canaanites; and it is very likely that they had this appellation because the Amorites were the most powerful tribe or nation in that country. The inhabitants of Jerusalem were Jebusites, Joshua 15:63 ; those of Hebron were Hittites, Genesis 23:2 , Genesis 23:3 ; Genesis 25:9 , Genesis 25:10 ; and the Gibeonites were Hivites, Joshua 9:7 ; and yet all these are called... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Joshua 10:9

Joshua - came unto them suddenly - This he did by a forced march during the night, for he went up from Gilgal all night; from Gilgal to Gibeon was about eighteen or twenty miles; and, having fallen so unexpectedly on these confederate kings, they were immediately thrown into confusion. read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Joshua 10:10

Slew them with a great slaughter at Gibeon - Multitudes of them fell in the onset; after which they fled, and the Israelites pursued them by the way of Beth-horon. There were two cities of this name, the upper and lower, both in the tribe of Ephraim, and built by Sherah, the daughter of Ephraim, 1 Chronicles 7:24 . The situation of these two cities is not exactly known. To Azekah , and unto Makkedah - These two cities were in the tribe of Judah, Joshua 15:35-41 ... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Joshua 10:1

Verse 1 1.Now it came to pass, etc He had formerly briefly glanced at, but now more fully details the conspiracy of the kings, who dwelt both in the mountains and in the plain. For after mentioning that they were struck with fear, and leagued together to make common war, he had broken off abruptly, and proceeded to speak of the Gibeonites. But what he had previously said of the kings in general, he now applies only to one individual; not because Adoni-zedek alone was afraid, but because he... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Joshua 10:6

Verse 6 6.And the men of Gibeon sent unto Joshua, etc The course of the narrative is inverted; for the Gibeonites certainly did not wait till they were besieged, but on seeing an army levied and prepared, and having no doubt that they would have to sustain the first onset, as they had incurred general hatred, they anticipate the attack, and hasten to have recourse to the protection of Joshua. (91) To desert those to whom life had been given, would have been at once unlawful, unjust, and... read more

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