And the king commanded it so to be done: and the decree was given at Shushan ,.... That the Jews might have leave to seek out and slay the rest of their enemies in Shushan, on the fourteenth day, in like manner as they had on the thirteenth: and they hanged Haman's ten sons ; on the same gallows very probably their father was hanged; the Targum gives us the distance between each person hanged thereon. read more
For the Jews that were in Shushan gathered themselves together on the fourteenth day also of the month Adar ,.... As they had on the thirteenth: and slew three hundred men at Shushan ; the Targum adds, of the family of Amalek: but there is no reason to confine it to them; it respects all such as were the enemies of the Jews, and rose up against them; so that the whole number slain in Shushan were eight hundred persons, besides the sons of Human: but on the prey they laid not their... read more
But the other Jews that were in the king's provinces gathered themselves together ,.... In a body, in their respective provinces and cities: and stood for their lives ; defended themselves against those that attacked them: and had rest from their enemies ; that selfsame day; all being destroyed by them, and none daring to appear against them: and slew of their foes 75,000 men ; that is, in all the provinces put together: but they laid not their hands on the prey ; See Gill on... read more
Now in the twelfth month - What a number of providences, and none of them apparently of an extraordinary nature, concurred to preserve a people so signally, and to all human appearance so inevitably, doomed to destruction! None are ever too low for God to lift up, or too high for God to cast down. Must not these heathens have observed that the uncontrollable hand of an Almighty Being had worked in behalf of the Jews? And must not this have had a powerful tendency to discredit the... read more
And all the rulers of the provinces - Mordecai being raised to the highest confidence of the king, and to have authority over the whole realm, these officers assisted the Jews, no doubt, with the troops under their command, to overthrow those who availed themselves of the former decree to molest the Jews. For it does not appear that the Jews slew any person who did not rise up to destroy them. See Esther 9:5 . read more
And in Shushan - It is strange that in this city, where the king's mind must have been so well known, there should be found five hundred persons to rise up in hostility against those whom they knew the king befriended! read more
The ten sons of Haman - Their names are given above. And it is remarked here, and in Esther 9:16 , where the account is given of the number slain in the provinces, that the Jews laid no hands on the spoil. They stood for their lives, and gave full proof that they sought their own personal safety, and not the property of their enemies, though the decree in their favor gave them authority to take the property of all those who were their adversaries, Esther 8:11 . read more
Let Haman ' s ten sons be hanged - They had been slain the preceding day, and now she requests that they may be exposed on posts or gibbets, as a terror to those who sought the destruction of the Jews. read more
And slew three hundred men - Esther had probably been informed by Mordecai that there were still many enemies of the Jews who sought their destruction, who had escaped the preceding day; and, therefore, begs that this second day be added to the former permission. This being accordingly granted, they found three hundred more, in all eight hundred. And thus Susa was purged of all their enemies. read more
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John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Esther 9:13
Then said Esther, if it please the king ,.... For she was all submission to his will: let it be granted to the Jews which are in Shushan ; for no further did she desire the grant to be extended: to do tomorrow also according to this days decree ; one Targum makes the request only that they might keep the morrow as a festival, but the other, more rightly, to do according to the decree of this day; which was, to slay as many of their enemies as rose up against them; and whereas many... read more