They were urgent, not by force, which they durst not now use, but by earnest and importunate entreaties, Exodus 11:8. This was the ground of that fable of the heathens mentioned in Tacitus, that the Jews were driven out of Egypt for their scabs; so they falsely and maliciously ascribed their own ulcers and scabs sent upon them by God to the Israelites. read more
Their kneading-troughs; or, as others rightly render it, their dough lumps, or food, or lumps of paste unleavened. read more
They borrowed of the Egyptians, either before this time, as they had opportunity, when their hearts were mollified by the foregoing plagues; or even at this time, when the Israelites might well take confidence to borrow, and the Egyptians would be willing to lend them, partly that they might gain their affections and prayers, and partly that they might more readily depart from them. Jewels, wherewith they used to adorn themselves in the worship of their idols, and therefore supposed the... read more
The Lord gave the people favour in the sight of the Egyptians, i.e. inclined their hearts to do it willingly, and not only out of fear. So that they lent unto him; Heb. and they lent them, to wit, the jewels or vessels mentioned Exodus 12:35. They spoiled the Egyptians, to wit, of their ornaments. Quest. Was not this unjustly done of the Israelites to borrow these jewels which they never paid again? Answ. No, 1. Because they did nothing in this matter but by God’s appointment, Exodus... read more
MAIN HOMILETICS OF THE PARAGRAPH.—Exodus 12:14-20THE SACRAMENT OF THE LORD’S SUPPERI. It is the memorial of a glorious fact. The Passover was commemorative of the safety of the children of Israel when the destroying angel passed through the land, and also of their deliverance from the bondage of Egypt. And so the Sacrament of the Lord’s Supper is commemorative of important facts in the moral history of men. It is a memorial of the death of Christ upon the cross, and of the freedom then rendered... read more
MAIN HOMILETICS OF THE PARAGRAPH.—Exodus 12:21-23THE CELEBRATION OF THE PASSOVERI. In this incident we have a clear recognition of the principle of vicarious suffering. The lamb was slain instead of the Israelites; the life of the former was taken instead of that of the latter. In this there was substitution. The death of the one secured the safety of the other. If the lamb had not been slain on behalf of the Israelites, and its blood not sprinkled on their door-posts, they must have perished... read more
MAIN HOMILETICS OF THE PARAGRAPH.—Exodus 12:29-32THE DEATH OF THE FIRST-BORN OF EGYPTI. We see here that God’s vengeance is as certainly executed upon the rebellious as it is threatened. The death of the first-born was threatened to Pharaoh some time ago, and he had had ample opportunity of obeying the Divine command, and of averting the dread penalty. But no, he still remains obstinate in heart, and will not yield to the will of God; hence the time of destruction has come. The first-born of... read more
CRITICAL NOTES.—Exodus 12:35-36. Borrowed … lent.] Render: “Asked,” and “let them have what they asked;” and cf. “Critical Note” on Exodus 11:2.MAIN HOMILETICS OF THE PARAGRAPH.—Exodus 12:31-36THE ISRAELITES GOING OUT OF EGYPTIAN BONDAGE; OR, THE FREEDOM OF THE CHURCHI. That the Israelites were given their freedom by those who had long oppressed them; and so the Church shall be freed by those who have long enslaved it. The king and his people urged the Israelites to depart from their country,... read more
Exodus 12:22-23 The night of the Passover was "a night much to be remembered." Wherever a Jew exists it is to this night he points, as the proudest epoch in his people's history. The feast of the Passover is full of typical meaning. Notice, first, that this was a little judgment day. The children of Israel were to be delivered by a direct visitation of God. There are three great truths brought out in this narrative. I. The universality of condemnation. God was going to save the Israelites, but... read more
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Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible - Exodus 12:30
Not a house, to wit, of those houses which had any first-born in them, for in divers families there might be no first-born. And such restrictions of the universal particles are frequently understood. read more