because he saw = seeing. Greek. eidon. App-133 . pleased = is pleasing to. See note on Acts 6:2 , and Mark 15:15 (note). proceeded further = added. A Hebraism. Greek. prostithemi. Compare Luke 20:11 . take . See note on Acts 1:16 . unleavened bread . Literally the unleavened (things). Leaven in every form was to be put away. Exodus 12:16 , Exodus 12:19 . read more
apprehended = arrested. Greek. piazo. See note on John 11:57 . in = into. Greek. eis. prison = ward. Greek. pkulake. quaternions . Greek. tetradion, a body of four. Only here. There were four soldiers to guard Peter for each of the four watches. The prisoner was chained to two and the other two kept watch. See Acts 12:6 . intending . Greek. boulomai. App-102 . after . Greek. meta. App-104 . Easter . Greek. to pascha, the Passover. Easter is a heathen term, derived from the Saxon... read more
A comparison of the last verses of Acts 11 and this chapter (Acts 12) suggests that Barnabas and Paul made that trip to Jerusalem with relief for the victims of the famine at about the time of the events given in Acts 12, this being in 44 A.D., a date determined by the death of Herod Agrippa I. That monarch had succeeded in putting together the whole domain of his grandfather Herod the Great, and had also been given the title of king by Claudius. He was a staunch friend of the Jews and was no... read more
And he killed James the brother of John with the sword. And when he saw that it pleased the Jews, he proceeded to seize Peter also. And those were the days of unleavened bread.Only seven words in the Greek, translated by eleven in English, recount the martyrdom of the first apostle; and such restraint by the sacred historian shows how different are the words of inspiration from those of ordinary writers. It should be noted that the New Testament records no appointment of a successor to James.... read more
And when he had taken him, he put him in prison, and delivered him to four quaternions of soldiers to guard him; intending after the Passover to bring him forth to the people.Quarternions ... This was the name of a group of four soldiers, and four quaternions would be sixteen men appointed to guard Peter.After the Passover ... This refers not to Passover day, but to the whole celebration of Passover which lasted eight days.Intending to bring him forth ... Herod planned a public execution of... read more
Acts 12:1. Herod the King— The Syriac version reads, Herod the king, surnamed Agrippa: Josephus styles him Agrippa; which probably was his Roman, as Herod was his Syrian name. He was the grandson of Herod the Great, by his son Aristobulus; nephew to Herod Antipas, who beheaded John the Baptist; brother to Herodias, whom that incestuous tetrarch married; and father to that Agrippa, before whom St. Paul made his defence, ch. Acts 25:13. Caius Caligula, with whom he had an early friendship, when... read more
Acts 12:2. And he killed James— Thus was our Lord's prediction, relating to them, fulfilled, Matthew 20:23. I know not how far we areto depend upon the tradition which we find cited by Eusebius, from a book of Clemens Alexandrinus, now lost, in which he reported, "That the person who had accused James, observing the courage with which he bore his testimony to Christianity, was converted, and suffered martyrdom with him;" but it seems very beautifully observed by Clarius, who had a great deal of... read more
Acts 12:3. And, because he saw it pleased the people— This prince, as Josephus tells us, was a great zealot for the Mosaic law; dwelt much at Jerusalem, and was as fond of all opportunities to oblige the Jews, as his grandfather Herod had been of pleasing strangers—a character very agreeable to what St. Luke here says of him. St. Peter was apprehended about the beginning of April, and most probably in the third year of Claudius Caesar. read more
Acts 12:4. To four quaternions of soldiers— That is, to sixteen, consisting of four in each party, who were to watch him by turns, four at a time; two of them being chained to him, and two of them watching before the door of the prison: one end of one chain was fastened to St. Peter's right hand, and the other end to the left arm of one of the soldiers; the other chain was in like manner fastened to St. Peter's left arm, and to the soldier's right arm: see Acts 12:6. Very likely the Jews... read more
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E.W. Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes - Acts 12:2
killed . Greek. anaireo. See note on Acts 2:23 . James . App-141 . John . App-141 . The last historical reference to John. sword . Death by the sword was regarded by the Rabbis as particularly disgraceful. read more