Hosea 4:1-3

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Hosea 4:1-3

Israel’s breach of covenant 4:1-3The Lord brought a legal charge against the Israelites for breaking the Mosaic Covenant. Again the literary form of this section is a legal confrontation (Heb. rib, cf. Hosea 2:2). Scholars therefore often refer to these courtroom type charges as "rib oracles," pronounced "reeve." Waltke called these messages oracles of reproach in the form of a lawsuit. [Note: Bruce K. Waltke, An Old Testament Theology, p. 836.] The Lord stated His charges against Israel in... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Hosea 4:2

Instead of these virtues, He observed swearing (cursing others by misusing oaths and imprecations), deception, murder, stealing, adultery, violence, and continual bloodshed. An imprecation is a formal curse made in the name of some deity in which one person calls down calamity on another (cf. Job 31:29-30). These were things He had forbidden in His covenant. He identified violations of at least five of the Ten Commandments (Numbers 3, 9, 6, 8, , 7). Violent crimes were so common that they... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Hosea 4:3

Therefore God was not blessing Israel but was bringing curses on the land so every part of the Northern Kingdom suffered, every living thing. Drought seems to be the primary form of chastisement in view (cf. Leviticus 26:19; Deuteronomy 28:23-24). read more

John Dummelow

John Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible - Hosea 4:1-19

Condemnation of the PriesthoodAn arraignment against Israel as a whole, because of all manner of wickedness against God and man. Prophet and priest, who ought to have taught them better, are only too like them in character, and must share their doom. In Hosea 4:15-17 there is an appeal to Judah not to follow the idolatrous practices of Israel.1. Controversy] i.e. a lawsuit: cp. Isaiah 3:13, Isaiah 3:14. 2. By swearing] RV ’There is nought but swearing.’ Break out] commit acts of violence. Blood... read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Hosea 4:1

(1) Controversy.—A judicial suit, in which Jehovah is plaintiff as well as judge (Isaiah 1:23; Isaiah 41:21). By the “children of Israel” we are to understand the northern kingdom of the ten tribes, as distinguished from Judah.Mercy.—Better rendered love. The Hebrew word chésed expresses (1) the love of God for Israel under covenant relationship; (2) the corresponding quality in man exhibited to God or towards his fellow-men. (See Hupfeld on Psalms 4:4; and Duhm, Theologie der Propheten, p.... read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Hosea 4:2

(2) Blood toucheth blood—i.e., murder is added to murder with ghastly prevalence. References to false swearing and lying are repeated in terrible terms by Amos 2:6-8 and Micah 7:2-8; and the form of the charge suggests the Decalogue and pre-existing legislation (Exodus 20:13-15). read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Hosea 4:3

(3) The mourning of the land is the judgment of famine, which follows not only upon the living men, but upon all living things (the LXX. have introduced into the enumeration the creeping things of the earth). Even the fishes of the sea are swept away. There is plague on fish as well as murrain on cattle, and starvation of the birds of heaven. read more

William Nicoll

Expositor's Dictionary of Texts - Hosea 4:1-19

Ephraim and His Idols Hosea 4:17 These words are not intended as a threatening of the cessation of the Divine pleadings. There are no people about whom God says that they are so wedded to any sin that it is no use trying to do anything for them. I. Ephraim is the name of the Northern Kingdom of Israel, one of the two into which the nation was divided. It is the people in the other, the neighbouring nation, that are spoken to; and what is meant by the 'letting alone' is plainly enough expressed... read more

William Nicoll

Expositor's Bible Commentary - Hosea 4:1-19

I. THE LORD’S QUARREL WITH ISRAELHosea 4:1-19"Hear the word of Jehovah, sons of Israel! Jehovah hath a quarrel with the inhabitants of the land, for there is no truth nor real love nor knowledge of God in the land. Perjury and murder and theft and adultery! They break out, and blood strikes upon blood."That stable and well-furnished life, across which, while it was still noon, Amos hurled his alarms-how quickly it has broken up! If there be still "ease in Zion," there is no more "security in... read more

Arno Clemens Gaebelein

Arno Gaebelein's Annotated Bible - Hosea 4:1-19

II. THE MESSAGE OF EXPOSTULATION, JUDGMENT, AND MERCY CHAPTER 4 The Lord’s Controversy with His People 1. The condition of the people (Hosea 4:1-5 ) 2. The loss of their priestly relation (Hosea 4:6-11 ) 3. Israel’s idolatry (Hosea 4:12-19 ) Hosea 4:1-5 . This chapter begins with a terse description of the condition of the professing people of God. First, we have the negative side--no truth, no mercy, no knowledge of God. And there was no truth, because they had rejected the Word of the... read more

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