Romans 1:2-4

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Romans 1:2

(2) Which he had promised.—More correctly, which He promised before by His prophets in holy writ. There is a nicety of meaning expressed by the absence of the article before this last phrase. A slight stress is thus thrown upon the epithet “holy.” It is not merely “in certain books which go by the name of holy scriptures,” but “in certain writings the character of which is holy.” They are “holy” as containing the promises referred to in the text, and others like them. It will thus be seen how... read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Romans 1:3-4

(3, 4) Who, on the human side—as if to show that the prophecies were really fulfilled in Him—was born of the seed of David, the rightful lineage of the Messiah; who, on the divine side, by virtue of the divine attribute of holiness dwelling in His spirit, was declared to be the Son of God, by that mighty demonstration, the resurrection of the dead.According to the flesh.—The word is here used as equivalent to “in His human nature, in that lower bodily organisation which He shares with us men.” read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Romans 1:4

(4) With power.—That is, in a transcendent and superhuman manner.According to the spirit of holiness.—In antithesis to “according to the flesh,” and therefore coming where we should expect “in His divine nature.” And yet there is a difference, the precise shade of which is not easy to define. What are we to understand by the “spirit of holiness”? Are we to regard it as simply convertible with “Holy Spirit”? Not quite. Or are we to look upon it as corresponding to “the flesh,” as “spirit” and... read more

William Nicoll

Expositor's Dictionary of Texts - Romans 1:1-32

The Incarnation of God Romans 1:1-4 We are invited to turn our thoughts with special devotion to that great truth upon which the Gospel, as St. Paul here says, is founded, the awful and overwhelming mystery of the Incarnation of the Son of God the truth expressed in the beginning of St. John's Gospel 'the Word was made Flesh'. It must be, indeed, to Christians, their continual thought. I. Such an event as that can have nothing like it, or parallel to it, while this world lasts. The Gospel of... read more

William Nicoll

Expositor's Bible Commentary - Romans 1:1-7

Chapter 2THE WRITER AND HIS READERSRomans 1:1-7PAUL, a bondservant of Jesus Christ. So the man opens his Lord’s message with his own name. We may, if we please, leave it and pass on, for to the letter writer of that day it was as much a matter of course to prefix the personal name to the letter as it is to us to append it. But then, as now, the name was not a mere word of routine; certainly not in the communications of a religious leader. It avowed responsibility; it put in evidence a person.... read more

Arno Clemens Gaebelein

Arno Gaebelein's Annotated Bible - Romans 1:1-17

Analysis and Annotations I. DOCTRINAL. THE SALVATION OF GOD. Chapter 1-8. CHAPTER 1 1. The Apostle and the Gospel of God. (Romans 1:1-6 .) 2. The Greeting. (Romans 1:7 .) 3. The Apostle’s Prayer and Desire. (Romans 1:8-15 .) 4. The Great Theme Introduced. (Romans 1:16-17 .) Romans 1:1-6 The introduction to the Epistle is unsurpassed by any other Epistle. Every word should be carefully studied. The writer introduces himself first of all as a servant (literally: slave) of Jesus Christ and... read more

John Calvin

Geneva Study Bible - Romans 1:3

1:3 {3} Concerning his {d} Son Jesus Christ our Lord, which was {e} made of the seed of David {f} according to the flesh;(3) By declaring the sum of the doctrine of the Gospel, he stirs up the Romans to consider well the matter about which he is entreating them: so then he shows that Christ (who is the very substance and sum of the gospel) is the only Son of God the Father, who with regard to his humanity is born of the seed of David, but with regard to his divine and spiritual nature, by which... read more

John Calvin

Geneva Study Bible - Romans 1:4

1:4 And {g} declared [to be] the Son of God with {h} power, according to the spirit of holiness, by the resurrection from the dead:(g) Shown and made manifest.(h) The divine and mighty power is set against the weakness of the flesh, for it overcame death. read more

L.M. Grant

L. M. Grant's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 1:1-32

The salutation (unusually long) occupies seven verses, - laying down distinctly, as it does, the complete foundation of that Gospel of which Paul was a messenger - thus introducing him with the Gospel the Romans had received. First, he gives lovely evidence of the bowing of his shoulder to the yoke of Jesus Christ; "Paul, a bondman of Jesus Christ,"-bound to the obedience of Christ by a love greater than his own. But his humility is as firm as lowly. By the call of God he is an apostle; and... read more

James Gray

James Gray's Concise Bible Commentary - Romans 1:1-17

INTRODUCTION AND THEME It is not known how, or when, the church at Rome was founded, but probably by Jews who received the Gospel in Jerusalem on the day of Pentecost (Acts 2:0 ). We shall see later that neither Paul nor any other apostle had as yet visited that metropolis, although Paul had a great desire to do so; and it was natural that he should wish to announce before his coming the distinctive truths which had been revealed to and through him. He would desire the Christians in Rome to... read more

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