1 Samuel 13:13-23

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - 1 Samuel 13:8-14

Here is, I. Saul's offence in offering sacrifice before Samuel came. Samuel, when he anointed him, had ordered him to tarry for him seven days in Gilgal, promising that, at the end of those days, he would be sure to come to him, and both offer sacrifices for him and direct him what he should do. This we had 1 Sam. 10:8. Perhaps that order, though inserted there, was given him afterwards, or was given him as a general rule to be observed in every public congress at Gilgal, or, as is most... read more

Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - 1 Samuel 13:15-23

Here, 1. Samuel departs in displeasure. Saul has set up for himself, and now he is left to himself: Samuel gat him from Gilgal (1 Sam. 13:15), and it does not appear that he either prayed with Saul or directed him. Yet in going up to Gibeah of Benjamin, which was Saul's city, he intimated that he had not quite abandoned him, but waited to do him a kindness another time. Or he went to the college of the prophets there, to pray for Saul when he did not think fit to pray with him. 2. Saul goes... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 1 Samuel 13:13

And Samuel said to Saul, thou hast done foolishly ,.... Not by intruding himself into the priest's office, with that he is not charged, but not waiting the full time till Samuel came; which showed his impatience, disregard to Samuel, and distrust of God; and though he thought he had acted wisely, and taken the proper precautions in his circumstances, yet he acted foolishly; and though a king, Samuel being a prophet of the Lord, and in his name, spared not to tell him so: thou hast not... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 1 Samuel 13:14

But now thy kingdom shall not continue ,.... That is, in his family, nor in his tribe, but be removed to another: the Lord hath sought him a man after his own heart : who was David; though as yet Samuel knew him not, he knew by divine revelation that there was another one chosen, to whom the kingdom would be given; a man every way agreeable to the will of God, and who would fulfil his will, though he knew not particularly who he was: and the Lord hath commanded him to be captain over... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 1 Samuel 13:15

And Samuel arose ,.... Seemingly in wrath and displeasure, not staying to offer up the peace offerings which remained; and though no mention is made of Saul's going with him, yet it seems as if he did, or at least quickly followed him, as appears from the next verse: and got him up from Gilgal unto Gibeah of Benjamin ; the native place of Saul, thereby directing Saul where he should go, and which might be a stronger place than Gilgal; or however where he might expect to be joined by more... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 1 Samuel 13:16

And Saul, and Jonathan his son ,.... Who were now joined to their men, on Saul's coming to Gibeah: and the people that were present with them ; the six hundred men before numbered: abode in Gibeah of Benjamin; being perhaps a strong fortified place, not choosing to go forth to meet the army of the Philistines, so vastly superior to them: but the Philistines encamped at Michmash ; the old quarters of Saul before he went to Gilgal, 1 Samuel 13:2 . read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 1 Samuel 13:17

And the spoilers came out of the camp of the Philistines in three companies ,.... Saul not daring to come out to fight them, and there being none throughout the land to oppose them, they sent out three companies of soldiers to ravage and spoil the country; of so little use and service was a king to Israel, they were so extremely desirous of; and this was suffered, to convince them of their vain confidence in him, and that their trust ought to be in the Lord their God; never was their country... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 1 Samuel 13:18

And another company turned the way to Bethhoron ,.... Of which name there were two cities, the upper and nether, and both in the tribe of Ephraim, of which see Joshua 16:3 this lay northwest from the camp of the Philistines at Michmash; eight miles from it, according to Bunting F4 Travels of the Patriarchs, &c.; p. 133. : and another company turned to the way of the border, that looketh towards the valley of Zeboim, toward the wilderness ; some take this to be the Zeboim... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 1 Samuel 13:19

Now there was no smith found throughout all the land of Israel ,.... The Philistines, when they ruled over them, having removed them into their own country, and forbid any to learn or exercise that trade in Israel: for the Philistines said, lest the Hebrews make swords or spears : this they did to prevent their having arms, and the use of them, that they might not rebel against them, and fight with them, and overcome them; it was a piece of policy to keep them subject to them; so... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - 1 Samuel 13:20

But all the Israelites went down to the Philistines ,.... Were obliged to go into Palestine, into some one or other of the cities of the Philistines, or to their garrisons, where the trade of a smith was exercised: to sharpen every man his share, and his coulter ; which are the parts of the plough made of iron, with which the earth is cut and thrown up: and his axe and his mattock ; or pick axe; with the one wood is felled and cut, and with the other stones are dug; and each of these... read more

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