Romans 4:1-3 ESV

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Romans 4:1-8

Here the apostle proves that Abraham was justified not by works, but by faith. Those that of all men contended most vigorously for a share in righteousness by the privileges they enjoyed, and the works they performed, were the Jews, and therefore he appeals to the case of Abraham their father, and puts his own name to the relation, being a Hebrew of the Hebrews: Abraham our father. Now surely his prerogative must needs be as great as theirs who claim it as his seed according to the flesh. Now... read more

William Barclay

William Barclay's Daily Study Bible - Romans 4:1-8

4:1-8 What, then, shall we say that Abraham, our forefather from whom we take our human descent, found? If Abraham entered into a right relationship with God by means of work, he has some ground for boasting--but not in regard to God. For what does scripture say? "Abraham trusted in God and it was accounted to him for righteousness." The man who works does not receive his pay as a favour; he receives it as a debt due to him. But, as for the man who does not depend on work, but who trusts in... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Romans 4:1

What shall we say then ,.... The apostle having proved that there is no justification by the works of the law; to make this appear more clear and evident to the Jews, he instances in the greatest person of their nation, and for whom they had the greatest value and esteem, Abraham, our father ; who was not a righteous and good man, but the head of the Jewish nation; and, as the Syriac version here styles him, רישא דאבהתא , "the head", or "chief of the fathers"; and so the Alexandrian... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Romans 4:2

For if Abraham were justified by works ,.... That Abraham was not, and could not be justified by works, is clear from hence, that if this was his case, he hath whereof to glory ; which will be allowed him before men, on account of his pious life and conversation: but not before God ; who saw all the iniquity of his heart, and was privy to all his failings and infirmities: besides, glorying before God in a man's own works, is contrary to the scheme and method of God's grace; is... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Romans 4:3

For what saith the Scripture ?.... This answers to דכתיב מאי , "what is that which is written" F3 T. Bab. Beracot, fol. 5. 1. & 15. 2. & passim. ? or what does the Scripture say? which is a way of speaking used by the Jews, when anything is proposed, which seems contrary to Scripture, as here justification by works does. A testimony from Scripture is here produced, proving that Abraham was justified by faith, and not by works: the place referred to is Genesis 15:6 ; ... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 4:1

Jew. What shall we then say that Abraham, our father as pertaining to the flesh, hath found? - The κατα σαρκα , pertaining to the flesh, must here refer to the sign in Abraham's flesh, viz. his circumcision; on which the Jew would found his right to peculiar blessings. That this is the meaning of κατα σαρκα , according to the flesh, Dr. Taylor has proved by a collation of several parallel scriptures, which it is not necessary to produce here. We may, therefore, suppose the Jew arguing... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 4:2

For if Abraham were justified by works - The Jew proceeds: - I conclude, therefore, that Abraham was justified by works, or by his obedience to this law of circumcision; and, consequently, he has cause for glorying, καυχημα , to exult in something which he has done to entitle him to these blessings. Now, it is evident that he has this glorying, and consequently that he was justified by works. Apostle. But not before God - These seem to be the apostle's words, and contain the beginning... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 4:3

For, what saith the Scripture? - The Scriptural account of this transaction, Genesis 15:6 , is decisive; for there it is said, Abraham believed God, and it was counted, ελογισθη , it was reckoned to him for righteousness, εις δικαιοσυνην , for justification. read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 4:1

Verse 1 1.What then, etc. This is a confirmation by example; and it is a very strong one, since all things are alike with regard to the subject and the person; for he was the father of the faithful, to whom we ought all to be conformed; and there is also but one way and not many ways by which righteousness may be obtained by all. In many other things one example would not be sufficient to make a common rule; but as in the person of Abraham there was exhibited a mirror and pattern of... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 4:2

Verse 2 2.For if Abraham, etc. This is an incomplete argument, (131) which may be made in this form — “If Abraham was justified by works, he might justly glory: but he had nothing for which he could glory before God; then he was not justified by works.” Thus the clause but not before God, is the minor proposition; and to this must be added the conclusion which I have stated, though it is not expressed by Paul. He calls that glorying when we pretend to have anything of our own to which a reward... read more

Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary - Romans 4:1-8

William Barclay's Daily Study Bible - Romans 4:1-8

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Romans 4:1

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Romans 4:2

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Romans 4:3

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 4:1

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 4:2

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 4:3

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 4:1

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 4:2

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