Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - 2 Samuel 21:9
In the beginning of barley harvest - This happened in Judea about the vernal equinox, or the 21st of March. read more
サムエル記Ⅱ 21:3-9 Jcb
Adam Clarke
Spence, H. D. M., etc.
The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 21:1-14
A story of deferred retribution. The facts are: 1 . A famine continuing for three years, and inquiry being made of the Lord by David, he is informed that it was in consequence of Saul's sin in slaying the Gibeonites. 2 . David, asking of the Gibeonites what he shall do for them by way of atonement for the wrong done, is informed that they seek not gold or the life of any man of Israel, but require that seven of Saul's family should be put to death, and hung up in Gibeah of Saul. ... read more
Spence, H. D. M., etc.
The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 21:1-14
( GIBEON , GIBEAH .) Famine. "And there was a famine in the days of David three years, year after year" ( 2 Samuel 21:1 ). [ Summary of the remaining portion (or appendix) of this book: 1 . The famine. 2 . Victorious acts in wars with the Philistines ( 2 Samuel 21:15-22 ). 3 . David's song of thanksgiving (looking backward); 2 Samuel 22:1-51 4. 2 Samuel His last prophetic words (looking forward); 2 Samuel 23:1-7 . These two lyrical and prophetic productions... read more
Spence, H. D. M., etc.
The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 21:3
Wherewith shall I make the atonement, etc.? Literally the verb means to "cover up," the idea being that of a veil drawn over the offence to conceal it by means of a gift or offering. Thence gradually it attained to its religious idea of an expiation. read more
Spence, H. D. M., etc.
The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 21:4
No silver nor gold. It is a common practice in most semi-civilized nations for a fine to be accepted as compensation for the shedding of blood. As no distinction was drawn between murder and homicide, and as the nearest relative was bound in every case to revenge the blood shed, the custom of receiving a money compensation gradually grew up to prevent the tribe or nation being torn to pieces by interminable revenge. The Arabs still retain this usage, but it was forbidden by the Levitical Law... read more
Spence, H. D. M., etc.
The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 21:5
The man that consumed us, etc. The strong language of this verse makes it plain that Saul had been guilty, not merely of some one great act of cruelty, but of a long series of barbarities intended to bring about their utter extirpation. read more
Spence, H. D. M., etc.
The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 21:6
We will hang them. The punishment indicated here really was impalement, but in Numbers 25:4 , where the same verb is used, we find that the criminals were put to death first, and that the impalement was for the purpose of exposing their bodies to view, like the practice a century ago of gibbeting. But the Gibeonites were probably very barbarous, and, when David had delivered the seven lads into their hands, would perhaps wreak upon them a cruel vengeance. Seven were chosen, because it is... read more
Spence, H. D. M., etc.
The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 21:8
Michal . It was Merab who became the wife of Adriel the Meholathite ( 1 Samuel 18:19 ). Michal was childless (see 2 Samuel 6:23 ). Whom she brought up for. This is one of the many cases of untrustworthiness in the renderings of the Authorized Version. We have noticed a very flagrant instance before in 2 Samuel 5:21 . The object of these mistranslations is always the same, namely, to remove some verbal discrepancy in the Hebrew text. The Hebrew says here "five sons of Michal, whom she... read more
Spence, H. D. M., etc.
The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Samuel 21:8-14
( GIBEAH .) Rizpah. "And Rizpah the daughter of Aiah took sackcloth," etc. (verse. 10; 2 Samuel 3:7 ). The days of harvest had come; but not the fruits of harvest. The heaven was brass, and the earth iron ( Deuteronomy 28:23 ). The misery of famine was accompanied by a sense of Divine wrath on account of sin. The guilt of blood was on the land, and especially on "the house of Saul," for the destruction of the Gibeonites. Nothing would satisfy the demand of the sorrowing... read more
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Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - 2 Samuel 21:8
Five sons of Michal - whom she brought up - Michal, Saul's daughter, was never married to Adriel, but to David, and afterwards to Phaltiel; though it is here said she bore ילדה yaledah , not brought up, as we falsely translate it: but we learn from 1 Samuel 18:19 , that Merab, one of Saul's daughters, was married to Adriel. Two of Dr. Kennicott's MSS. have Merab, not Michal; the Syriac and Arabic have Nadab; the Chaldee has properly Merab; but it renders the passage... read more