サムエル記上 13:20 JC

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - 1 Samuel 13:16-23

2. Saul’s struggle against the Philistines 13:16-14:23As a result of Saul’s disobedience he began to struggle, whereas his son Jonathan, who sought to follow the Lord faithfully, became increasingly successful. read more

John Dummelow

John Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible - 1 Samuel 13:1-23

Saul’s War against the Philistines1. The age of Saul at his accession has fallen out of the text and also one of the two numbers representing the length of his reign. Our present text is ’Saul was.. years old when he began to reign, and he reigned.. and two years.’ We have no means of recovering the former number. For the latter Keil, with great probability, conjectures 22: see on 2 Samuel 2:10 and Intro. § 9. 2. Michtnash] still retains its ancient name; it is a village 9 m. from Jerusalem,... read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - 1 Samuel 13:20

(20) To sharpen every man his share, and his coulter.—Porsenna, we read, in the time of the wars of the Republic, allowed the Romans iron implements for agriculture only. Coulter.—In Isaiah 2:4, Joel 3:10, this word is rendered “ploughshares “; so most of the older versions. We cannot now with any precision distinguish between these two implements of tillage.And his mattock.—Jerome renders the Hebrew word here by “hoe” (sarculum). It was probably a kind of heavy hoe, used for turning up the... read more

William Nicoll

Expositor's Dictionary of Texts - 1 Samuel 13:1-23

Waiting for Samuel 1 Samuel 13:11-12 I. A crisis which would try a stronger man than Saul showed himself to be had arisen. He had just made a bold stroke, and with a detachment out of his 3000 reserved men had driven out the Philistine garrison, quartered on his own tribe in Benjamin. It would have been better for him not to strike than to follow it up. But he finds himself at Gilgal confronted by an increased and increasing band of Philistines, with his own army, an unarmed and disorganized... read more

William Nicoll

Expositor's Bible Commentary - 1 Samuel 13:1-23

CHAPTER XVIIISAUL AND SAMUEL AT GILGAL1 Samuel 13:1-23.THE first thing that claims our attention in connection with this chapter is the question of dates involved in the first verse. In the Authorized Version we read, "Saul reigned one year; and when he had reigned two years over Israel, Saul chose him three thousand men." This rendering of the original is now quite given up. The form of expression is the same as that which so often tells us the age of a king at the beginning of his reign and... read more

Arno Clemens Gaebelein

Arno Gaebelein's Annotated Bible - 1 Samuel 13:1-23

6. The First Failure of Saul and Its Results CHAPTER 13 1. The failure of Saul (1 Samuel 13:1-9 ) 2. Samuel’s sentence (1 Samuel 13:10-14 ) 3. Israel’s deplorable condition (1 Samuel 13:15-23 ) Omit the first verse of this chapter as it does not belong into the text. In self-confidence Saul has dismissed the greater part of the people; only 2000 remained with him and 1000 with his son Jonathan. Saul is now passing through a test. Hath he true faith which counts and depends on God? Is he... read more

L.M. Grant

L. M. Grant's Commentary on the Bible - 1 Samuel 13:1-23

Hebrew scholars consider that either something is missing from verse 1 in the Hebrew manuscripts or that the whole verse was not originally in the text. After Saul's victory at Jabesh-Gilead he sent most of his army home, but chose 3000 from among them, 2000 to remain with him and 1000 to be under the leadership of his son Jonathan. The case of Jabesh-Gilead was a one time matter quickly accomplished, though there had been no previous organization. But a standing army would require capable... read more

James Gray

James Gray's Concise Bible Commentary - 1 Samuel 13:1-23

THE MONARCHY ON ITS WAY The period covered by these chapters is doubtless of some length, whose history is summed up in the closing verses of the second (v. 47-52). But there are special features reported in detail which constitute the substance of the lesson. THE RENDEZVOUS AT GILGAL (1 Samuel 13:1-4 ) Saul’s plan seems to have been not a large standing army but a small body- guard, divided between him and his son (1 Samuel 13:2 ), for the purpose of harassing the enemy in detachments.... read more

Joseph Parker

The People's Bible by Joseph Parker - 1 Samuel 13:1-23

Saul's Early Efforts 1 Samuel 13:1; 1 Samuel 14:01 Samuel 14:0 IN these two chapters we have an opportunity of seeing how Saul betook himself to his kingly work. He did not rush upon his office in indecent haste. We have seen that after his anointing he returned to pursue his usual avocations, and that only upon receiving a special summons from men in distress did he arise to vindicate his true position in Israel. Having overthrown Nahash the Ammonite and received a renewal of the kingdom at... read more

Robert Hawker

Hawker's Poor Man's Commentary - 1 Samuel 13:17-23

(17) And the spoilers came out of the camp of the Philistines in three companies: one company turned unto the way that leadeth to Ophrah, unto the land of Shual: (18) And another company turned the way to Bethhoron: and another company turned to the way of the border that looketh to the valley of Zeboim toward the wilderness. (19) Now there was no smith found throughout all the land of Israel: for the Philistines said, Lest the Hebrews make them swords or spears: (20) But all the Israelites... read more