ゼカリヤ書 1:18-3:10 JCB

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - Zechariah 1:18-21

Zechariah 1:18-21. Then, behold, four horns Horns often signify the power of princes or people, the metaphor being taken from those cattle whose strength lies in their horns. The horns here mentioned denote the powers which had scattered Israel and Judah, or that should scatter them, as a bull, in his fury, tosses into the air whatever opposes him. It is uncertain whether the number four is here used indefinitely, or to denote that specific number; and if the latter, what particular... read more

Donald C. Fleming

Bridgeway Bible Commentary - Zechariah 1:7-21

Encouragement to the builders (1:7-2:13)In the first vision some mounted patrol officers have just returned from a tour of duty and report to a rider on a red horse who is standing among some trees (7-10). The patrol officers report that throughout the empire all is calm and peaceful (11).This report may be good news for the Persians but it is not for the Jews, who have now been in bondage to foreign overlords for more than seventy years. They long for freedom and pray for God’s mercy (12-13).... read more

E.W. Bullinger

E.W. Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes - Zechariah 1:18

four horns : "horns" being put by Figure of speech Metonymy (of Adjunct), App-6 , for the Gentile (Zechariah 1:21 ) powers signified by thorn. read more

James Burton Coffman

Coffman Commentaries on the Bible - Zechariah 1:18

"And I lifted up mine eyes, and saw, and behold four horns."We do not hesitate to identify these horns as "the powers of the world, which rise up in hostility against Judah and hurt it."[33] "Horns" when used figuratively, typify power and strength; and in Daniel 8:3, they specifically stand for mighty world powers. Leupold appeared to back away from this interpretation, saying, "The difficulty would be to pick out the four powers that have scattered Judah.[34] We do not consider that a... read more

Thomas Coke

Thomas Coke Commentary on the Holy Bible - Zechariah 1:18

Zechariah 1:18. Behold, four horns— In this second vision, under the emblem of four horns, is represented, that God, by such agents as he would appoint, would quell and bring down all those powers which had risen, or should rise, to oppress his people. Horns are an usual emblem of strength and power; and because those fierce beasts that have them, push and gore with them, and, tossing them furiously about, scatter and drive all before them, they aptly denote conquering and oppressive princes... read more

Robert Jamieson; A. R. Fausset; David Brown

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible - Zechariah 1:18

18. four horns—To a pastoral people like the Jews the horns of the strongest in the herd naturally suggested a symbol of power and pride of conscious strength: hence the ruling powers of the world (Revelation 17:3; Revelation 17:12). The number four in Zechariah's time referred to the four cardinal points of the horizon. Wherever God's people turned, there were foes to encounter (Nehemiah 4:7); the Assyrian, Chaldean, and Samaritan on the north; Egypt and Arabia on the south; Philistia on the... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Zechariah 1:18

Zechariah 1:18 begins chapter 2 in the Hebrew Bible. Zechariah then saw another scene in his vision. He observed four animal horns. Presumably they were on living animals since they could feel terror (Zechariah 1:21), though there is no mention of animals. Horns were a common figure for power in biblical and ancient Near Eastern iconography, specifically, of a Gentile king or world empire (e.g., Deuteronomy 33:17; Psalms 18:2; Psalms 75:10; Psalms 89:17; Daniel 2:36-44; Daniel 7:3-7; Daniel... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Zechariah 1:18-21

B. The four horns and the four smiths 1:18-21The second vision elaborates the concept of comfort promised in the first vision (Zechariah 1:13; Zechariah 1:17). Here we learn how God will execute His anger against the nations that excessively oppressed His people. The nations will meet with retribution, and Israel will triumph over her foes. read more

John Dummelow

John Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible - Zechariah 1:1-21

Lessons from the Past. The First and Second Visions1-6. The Prophet’s message. He calls the people to repentance. 8-17. The First Vision: The Divine Messengers ever watching over the affairs of the nations. 18-21. The Second Vision: Hostile nations subdued by divinely-appointed agents.1. The eighth month] the month Bul (see 1 Kings 6:38), corresponding to part of October-November. The second year of Darius] i.e. 520 b.c. This was the first Darius, son of Hystaspes, who had just succeeded to the... read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Zechariah 1:7-21

A SERIES OF SEVEN VISIONS.Zechariah 1:7 to Zechariah 6:15. Between the commencement of Zechariah’s prophetic labours and the incidents recorded in Zechariah 1:7 to Zechariah 6:15, the Prophet Haggai received the revelation contained in Haggai 2:10-23. On the four-and-twentieth day of the eleventh month, just five months after the re-building of the Temple was resumed, Zechariah sees a succession of seven visions in one night, followed by a symbolic action (Zechariah 6:9-15). read more