ペテロの手紙Ⅰ 2:13-16 JCB

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - 1 Peter 2:16

As free - The Jews pretended that they were a free people, and owed allegiance to God alone; hence they were continually rebelling against the Roman government, to which God had subjected them because of their rebellion against him: thus they used their liberty for a cloak of maliciousness - for a pretext of rebellion, and by it endeavored to vindicate their seditious and rebellious conduct. But as the servants of God - These were free from sin and Satan, but they were the servants of... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - 1 Peter 2:13

Verse 13 13Submit yourselves He now comes to particular exhortations: and as obedience with regard to magistrates is a part of honest or good conversation, he draws this inference as to their duty, “Submit yourselves,” or, Be ye subject; for by refusing the yoke of government, they would have given to the Gentiles no small occasion for reproaching them. And, indeed, the Jews were especially hated and counted infamous for this reason, because they were regarded on account of their perverseness... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - 1 Peter 2:14

Verse 14 14Or unto governors, or, Whether to presidents. He designates every kind of magistrates, as though he had said, that there is no kind of government to which we ought not to submit. He confirms this by saying that they are God’s ministers; for they who apply him to the king, are greatly mistaken. There is then a common reason, which extols the authority of all magistrates, that they rule by the command of God, and are sent by him. It hence follows (as Paul also teaches us) that they... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - 1 Peter 2:15

Verse 15 15For so is the will of God He returns to his former doctrine, lest an occasion should be given to the unbelieving to speak evil, though he expresses less than what he had said before; for he says only that the mouths of the foolish ought to be stopped. The phrase which he adopts, “to stop up ignorance,” though it may seem harsh on account of its novelty, does not yet obscure the sense. (28) For he not only calls the unbelieving foolish, but also points out the reason why they... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - 1 Peter 2:16

Verse 16 16As free This is said by way of anticipation, that he might obviate those things which are usually objected to with regard to the liberty of God’s children. For as men are naturally ingenious in laying hold on what may be for their advantage, many, at the commencement of the Gospel, thought themselves free to live only for themselves. This doting opinion, then, is what Peter corrects; and he briefly shews how much the liberty of Christians differed from unbridled licentiousness. And,... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Peter 2:13

Submit yourselves to every ordinance of man. The aorist passive ( ὑποτάγητε ) is used, as often, in a middle sense. The word for "ordinance" is κτίσις , which in classical Greek means "foundation," as of a city; but in the New Testament is used elsewhere only of the works of God, in the sense of "creation," or "a creature". Hence some, as De Wette, translate the words, "to every human creature," supporting their view by 1 Peter 5:5 . But on the whole this seems unlikely; ... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Peter 2:14

Or unto governors, as ante them that are sent by him ; literally, through him . Some commentators, following Calvin, understand the pronoun of the Lord. Certainly, governors are sent through him; he "ordereth all things, both in heaven and earth." But it seems more natural in this place to refer the pronoun to the nearer substantive, the king; it was through the Roman emperor that the various governors, legates, etc., were sent from time to time (as the Greek present participle implies)... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Peter 2:15

For so is the will of God, that with well-doing ye may put to silence the ignorance of foolish men. The Gentiles speak against the Christians as evil-doers; they are to put their accusers to silence by well-doing; this is to be their answer rather than indignant self-vindication. The Greek word rendered "put to silence" ( φιμοῦν ) means literally "to muzzle". The word for "ignorance" ( ἀγνωσία ) occurs, besides this passage, only in 1 Corinthians 15:34 , where it evidently means... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Peter 2:16

As free . This verse is not to be taken with what follows, for it does not well cohere with the contents of 1 Peter 2:17 ; but either with 1 Peter 2:14 ( 1 Peter 2:15 being regarded as parenthetical) or with 1 Peter 2:15 , notwithstanding the change of case in the original, which presents no real difficulty; the meaning being that Christian freedom must show itself, not in license, but in willing obedience to constituted authorities: "Not only for wrath, but for conscience' sake" ( ... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - 1 Peter 2:13

Submit yourselves to every ordinance of man - Greek, “to every creation of man,” (ἀνθρωπίνῃ κτίσει anthrōpinē ktisei The meaning is, to every institution or appointment of man; to wit, of those who are in authority, or who are appointed to administer government. The laws, institutes, and appointments of such a government may be spoken of as the creation of man; that is, as what man makes. Of course, what is here said must be understood with the limitation everywhere implied, that what is... read more

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - 1 Peter 2:16

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - 1 Peter 2:13

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - 1 Peter 2:14

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - 1 Peter 2:15

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - 1 Peter 2:16

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Peter 2:13

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Peter 2:14

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Peter 2:15

The Pulpit Commentary - 1 Peter 2:16

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - 1 Peter 2:13

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