出エジプト記 14:10-14 JCB

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 14:11

Verse 11 11.Because there were no graves. This (155) is the more proper sense; for the double negative is put for a single one. It is a bitter and biting taunt; for, not contented with preferring the graves of Egypt to the death which they feared, they scoffingly inquire how he could have thought of bringing them into the wilderness, as if the land of Egypt was not large enough to bury them in. But God had openly and clearly proved Himself to be the leader of their departing; and, again, it was... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 14:13

Verse 13 13.And Moses said unto the people. Although with his characteristic kindness Moses courteously exhorts them to be of good hope, yet it is not probable that he passed over in silence those wicked cries with which he saw that God was atrociously assailed. I conceive, then, that he discharged the duty of a faithful teacher by freely chastising their insolence, which was intolerable; and since he spoke under the inspiration of the preventing Spirit of God, there is no doubt but that God... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 14:1-12

Israel stricken with terror by reason of a deliverance not yet completed. It is plain that the Israelites, going out of Egypt. in such circumstances as they did, must have gone out in a state of great exhilaration, almost beside themselves with joy at such a complete reversal of all their past experiences at the hands of Pharaoh. Moreover we are assured in Exodus 14:8 that they went out with a high hand. The power of God for the deliverance of Israel was manifested in great fulness. What... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 14:5-10

The pursuit "It was told the King of Egypt that the people fled," etc. Consider:— I. THE MOTIVES OF THE PURSUIT . The motives were various. 1 . Pharaoh had already repented of having let the people go ( Exodus 14:5 ). Their departure was a sore humiliation to him. Wounded pride was aggravated by the sense of material loss. "As serfs and bondagers, the Israelites were invaluable, and to let them go was to annihilate the half of Egypt's industry" (Hamilton). Pharaoh and... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 14:10

They were sore afraid . Before the Israelites are taxed with cowardice, let it be considered— 1 . That they were unarmed. Egypt was so settled a government that civilians generally went unarmed; and slaves, like the Hebrews, would scarcely have been allowed to possess any arms, if the case had been otherwise. 2 . They had no military training. Whatever had been done to teach them order and arrangement in connection with their proposed journey, we may be sure there had been no drill... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 14:10-14

THE TERROR OF ISRAEL AND THE COURAGE OF MOSES . It has been argued that the Israelites, if they were so numerous as stated ( Exodus 12:37 ), must have been wretched cowards, if they were afraid to risk an engagement with such an army as that hastily levied one which Pharaoh had brought with him. But the difference between an army of trained soldiers, thoroughly equipped for war, with helmets, shields, breastplates, swords and spears, and an undisciplined multitude,... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 14:10-14

Divine trial a touchstone to distinguish faith from unfaithfulness. The Israelites had almost as much ground as Moses to believe in God, and trust his providential care of them. They had seen the whole series of miracles which Moses had wrought. They had found themselves exempt from visitations which fell with the utmost severity on their near neighbours. They had heard from Moses God's positive promise to bring them into Canaan ( Exodus 13:5 , Exodus 13:11 ). Yet at the first... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 14:10-23

The deliverance. Consider on this section:— I. THE CRITICAL SITUATION OF THE ISRAELITES . 1 . Their position. "Encamping by the sea, beside Pi-hahiroth, before Baal Zephon" ( Exodus 14:9 ). The first view of the sea would probably be attractive to them. Its breeze, after the tedious travel of the desert, would be deliciously refreshing. They would look with a child's wonder and delight on the novel spectacle it presented. They would crowd to the beach to watch its... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 14:11

And they said to Moses . It was not unnatural that, while flying to God as their only refuge, they should be angry with Moses. Moses, they would argue, ought to have known better than to have brought them into a situation of such peril. He, the leader, should have known the geography of the country—he, the courtier, should have known the temper of the court. It is always a satisfaction to men to vent their anger upon some one when they are in a difficulty. No graves in Egypt. Egypt, with a... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 14:11

Cruel words out of cowardly hearts. There was much, as we have seen, to excuse the terror of Israel; but there is one thing not so easy to excuse, and that is the sarcastic, unjust spirit in which these terrified Israelites treat their visible leader. Formerly ( Exodus 5:21 ) they had turned on him with bitter reproaches; but their conduct then was the effect of ignorance and hasty expectations, and their language, however strong, was simply the language of reproach. But now to reproach... read more

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 14:11

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Exodus 14:13

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 14:1-12

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 14:5-10

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 14:10

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 14:10-14

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 14:10-14

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 14:10-23

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 14:11

The Pulpit Commentary - Exodus 14:11

Group of Brands