启示录 18:11-13 RCUVSS

The Pulpit Commentary - Revelation 18:9-24

Lamentations over the fall of Babylon. In our previous study of "Babylon the great," we had occasion to remark that there were three forms under which a great Babylon might be recognized. 1 . In that worldwide spirit of alienation from God which has corrupted every form of human life everywhere. 2 . In any Church which, allying itself with the world power, fornicates therewith, and puts itself on the throne instead of God. 3 . Most manifestly of all in the papal Church, where... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Revelation 18:9-24

The fall of the corrupt in human life. "And the kings of the earth, who have committed fornication and lived deliciously with her," etc. All along through my remarks on the Apocalyptic visions of this book I have not only discarded any attempt at a literal interpretation, but have affirmed that, as a rule, such interpretations of dreams or visions can seldom, if ever, from the nature of the case, be correct; and more especially so with the visions and dreams recorded in this book. The... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Revelation 18:11

And the merchants of the earth shall weep and mourn over her. Weep and mourn; the historical present (see on Revelation 18:9 ). The kings have been mentioned; the merchants and next the seamen are referred to, showing the wide distribution of "Babylon," and forbidding the application to a single state or city. The description which follows is analogous to that in Ezekiel 27:1-36 .; Isaiah 23:1-18 . For no man buyeth their merchandise any more; their cargo. We are naturally... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Revelation 18:12

The merchandise of gold, and silver, and precious stones, and of pearls, and fine linen, and purple, and silk, and scarlet. (On "precious stone" and" linen," see on Revelation 15:6 .) Such was the attire of the harlot ( Revelation 17:4 ). Writers have endeavoured to classify in various ways the articles mentioned, in order to obtain some signification from the numbers used. Thus Hengstenberg sees four hard and then four soft articles mentioned, and he reminds us that the number four is... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Revelation 18:13

And cinnamon, and odours, and ointments, and frankincense; and cinnamon, and amomon, and incense, and ointment, and frankincense. These constitute the third class (see on Revelation 18:12 ). Cinnamon, an Indian tree, was in use in the Levitical ritual ( Exodus 30:23 ). It is referred to as a perfume in Proverbs 7:17 . Amomon, which is omitted in the Textus Receptus, is found in א , A, C. P, etc. It is rendered in the Revised Version by "spice." Its use was similar to that of ... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Revelation 18:11

And the merchants of the earth - Who have been accustomed to traffic with her, and who have been enriched by the traffic. The image is that of a rich and splendid city. Of course, such a city depends much on its merchandise; and when it declines and falls, many who had been accustomed to deal with it, as merchants or traffickers, are affected by it, and have occasion to lament its fall.Shall weep and mourn over her; for no man buyeth their merchandise anymore - The merchandise which they were... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Revelation 18:12

The merchandise of gold, and silver - Of course, these constitute an important article of commerce in a great city.And precious stones - Diamonds, emeralds, rubies, etc. These have always been important articles of traffic in the world, and, of course, most of the traffic in them would find its way to great commercial cities.And pearls - See the notes on Matthew 7:6; Matthew 13:46. These, too, have been always, and were, particularly in early times, valuable articles of commerce. Mr. Gibbon... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Revelation 18:13

And cinnamon - Cinnamon is the aromatic bark of the Laurus Cinnamomam, which grows in Arabia, India, and especially in the island of Ceylon. It was formerly, as it is now, a valuable article in the Oriental trade.And odours - Aromatics employed in religious worship, and for making perfumes. Mr. Gibbon (vol. i. p. 34) mentions, among the articles of commerce and luxury, in the age of the Antonines, “a variety of aromatics that were consumed in religious worship and the pomp of funerals.” It is... read more

Joseph Benson

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - Revelation 18:9-11

Revelation 18:9-11. And the kings of the earth, &c. Even the chief rulers and great powers of the world, who were formerly in league with her, and supported her in her corruptions, practised her idolatries, and lived deliciously with her Shared in the pomp and luxury of her prosperous state; shall bewail her, &c. Shall not be able to afford her any support or defence, or to do any more than fruitlessly condole with her, and lament her sad condition, when they shall behold all... read more

Joseph Benson

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - Revelation 18:12-14

Revelation 18:12-14. The merchandise, &c. There is an end of all traffic or commerce with her, whether spiritual or temporal; of gold and silver, &c. Almost all the things here named are still in use at Rome, both in their idolatrous service and in common life; fine linen The sort of which here mentioned, βυσσος , is exceedingly costly; thyine-wood A sweet- smelling wood, not unlike citron, used in adorning magnificent palaces. Vessels of most precious wood Ebony in... read more

The Pulpit Commentary - Revelation 18:9-24

The Pulpit Commentary - Revelation 18:9-24

The Pulpit Commentary - Revelation 18:11

The Pulpit Commentary - Revelation 18:12

The Pulpit Commentary - Revelation 18:13

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Revelation 18:11

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Revelation 18:12

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Revelation 18:13

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - Revelation 18:9-11

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - Revelation 18:12-14

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