民数記 20:2-12 JCB

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Numbers 20:11

And Moses lifted up his hand, and with his rod he smote the rock twice ,.... At first it only brought out some drops, as Jarchi conjectures, and therefore Moses smote again, when it brought forth water plentifully: the Targum of Jonathan says,"at the first time it dropped blood, at the second time came out much water.'Could this be credited, it would make the agreement between this rock and Christ appear very manifest, from whom, when his side was pierced with a spear, there came out blood... read more

John Gill

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Numbers 20:12

And the Lord spake unto Moses and Aaron ,.... Out of the cloud, where his glory appeared, and still continued: because ye believed me not, to sanctify me in the eyes of the children of Israel ; that Moses and Aaron committed an evil which was displeasing to the Lord is certain, but what that was is variously represented. Some say their sin was, that the order was to speak to the rock, whereas it was smitten, and not spoken to; but why then was Moses bid to take the rod with him, if it... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Numbers 20:2

And there was no water for the congregation - The same occurrence took place to the children of Israel at Kadesh, as did formerly to their fathers at Rephidim, see Exodus 17:1 ; and as the fathers murmured, so also did the children. read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Numbers 20:12

Because ye believed me not - What was the offense for which Moses was excluded from the promised land? It appears to have consisted in some or all of the following particulars: God had commanded him ( Numbers 20:8 ;) to take the rod in his hand, and go and Speak To The Rock, and it should give forth water. It seems Moses did not think speaking would be sufficient, therefore he smote the rock without any command so to do. He did this twice, which certainly in this case indicated a... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Numbers 20:2

Verse 2 2.And there was no water for the congregation. We have already seen a similar, though not the same, history. For, when the people had hardly come out of Egypt, they began to rebel in Rephidim on account of the scarcity of water; and now, after thirty-eight years, or thereabouts, a new sedition arose in Kadesh, because there, too, they wanted water. Their first murmuring, indeed, sufficiently showed how great was their depravity and contumacy; for, when God gave them their food from... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Numbers 20:6

Verse 6 6.And Moses and Aaron went from the presence. It is probable that they fled in fear, inasmuch as the tabernacle was a kind of refuge for them from the violence of the people. Still, we may conjecture from other passages that they had consideration not only for themselves, but for the wretched people, howsoever unworthy of it they might be so also, when they throw themselves upon their faces, I understand that they did so, not so much (to pray) that God would protect them from the wrath... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Numbers 20:8

Verse 8 8.Take the rod. It is unquestionable that the faith of Moses had now begun to waver; but we gather from his prompt obedience that it had not altogether failed; for he wastes no time in discussion, but comes straight to the rock in order that he may perform God’s command. His faith, then, was only so smothered, that its hidden rigor at once directed him to his duty. Thus is it that the saints sometimes, whilst they totter like children, still advance toward their mark. By the sight of... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Numbers 20:10

Verse 10 10.And Moses and Aaron gathered the congregation together. There is no doubt but that Moses was perplexed between hope and doubt, so that, although he committed the event to God, he was still to a certain extent oppressed with anxiety; for he would never have been so ready and prompt in obeying, and especially in such an unusually arduous matter, if he had been without faith. Aaron and himself had recently hidden themselves in alarm; it was, therefore, a task of no slight difficulty... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Numbers 20:12

Verse 12 12.And the Lord spoke unto Moses and Aaron. God here both sets forth their crime, and pronounces its punishment. Now, whilst unbelief is in itself a gross and detestable evil, God aggravates its guilt by declaring its consequence, viz., that He was defrauded of His glory, when Moses and Aaron, who ought to have been the proclaimers of the miracle, lay as it were confounded with shame. For, whereas their confidence, by exciting attention, would have sanctified God’s name, so by their... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Numbers 20:11

John Gills Exposition of the Bible Commentary - Numbers 20:12

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Numbers 20:2

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Numbers 20:12

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Numbers 20:2

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Numbers 20:6

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Numbers 20:8

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Numbers 20:10

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Numbers 20:12

The Pulpit Commentary - Numbers 20:1-29

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