申命記 20:1-8 JCB

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Deuteronomy 20:2

The priest shall approach, and speak unto the people - The priest on these occasions was the representative of that God whose servant he was, and whose worship he conducted. It is remarkable that almost all ancient nations took their priests with them to battle, as they did not expect success without having the object of their adoration with them, and they supposed they secured his presence by having that of his representative. read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Deuteronomy 20:5

That hath built a new house, and hath not dedicated it? - From the title of Psalm 30:1-12 , - A Psalm or Song at the Dedication of the House of David - it is evident that it was a custom in Israel to dedicate a new house to God with prayer, praise, and thanksgiving; and this was done in order to secure the Divine presence and blessing, for no pious or sensible man could imagine he could dwell safely in a house that was not under the immediate protection of God. Hence it has been a custom... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Deuteronomy 20:7

Betrothed a wife, and hath not taken her? - It was customary among the Jews to contract matrimony, espouse or betroth, and for some considerable time to leave the parties in the houses of their respective parents: when the bridegroom had made proper preparations, then the bride was brought home to his house, and thus the marriage was consummated. The provisions in this verse refer to a case of this kind; for it was deemed an excessive hardship for a person to be obliged to go to battle,... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Deuteronomy 20:8

What man is there that is fearful and faint - hearted? - The original רך rach , signifies tender or soft-hearted. And a soft heart the man must have who, in such a contest, after such a permission, could turn his back upon his enemies and his brethren. However, such were the troops commanded by Gideon in his war against the Midianites; for after he gave this permission, out of 32,000 men only 10,000 remained to fight! Judges 7:3 . There could be no deception in a business of this kind;... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Deuteronomy 20:1

Verse 1 1When thou goest out to battle. This law also, which concerns their political government, is a Supplement to the First Commandment, enacting that they should carry on their wars under the auspices of God, and, trusting in His help, should follow Him as their leader. For it behoved them to give this proof of their piety, so as to look to God not less in war than in peace, and not to rest their hopes of safety on anything but the invocation of His name. Whence we gather that the worship... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Deuteronomy 20:2

Verse 2 2And it shall be, when ye are come nigh. God commits the duty of exhortation to the priests, when the time of the conflict shall have arrived. But we gather from the expressions used that this passage is supplementary to the First Commandment, for it contains no more than that the priest should encourage the Israelites to confidence, the ground of which is declared to be the help of God in preserving and constantly protecting the Church, which He has once redeemed. Moreover, He forbids... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Deuteronomy 20:5

Verse 5 5.And the officers shall speak unto the people. I have added the commencement, “quum bellandum erit, ” (when there shall be war,) that my readers may know what is the subject here discussed; for although the instruction given may seem somewhat remote from the prohibition of theft, still it accords well, and is closely connected with it. For by this indulgence God shews how just it is, that every one should enjoy peaceably what he possesses; because, if it be hard that men on account of... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Deuteronomy 20:1

When they found themselves opposed by an army more numerous than their own, and better furnished with the material of warfare, they were not to be afraid or discouraged, for Jehovah their God, who had brought them out of Egypt, would be with them to protect and help them (cf. Psalms 20:7 ). Horses and chariots. In these, which constituted the main strength of the nations with which they would have to contend, the Israelites were deficient; and to them these were always objects of terror in... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Deuteronomy 20:1-5

War. The wars of the world form a large part of its history. Savage nations delight in war, revel in its bloodshed and barbarities. Their heaven is a Valhalla. Civilized communities, while averse from having wars waged on them, are not always so averse from waging war on others. Military ambition, lust of conquest, hope of enrichment by pillage, the wiping out of old grudges, may instigate them to this course. Wherever or however waged, wars are a source of incalculable misery. It may be... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Deuteronomy 20:1-9

Military service to be voluntary. In war, forced service is worse than useless; it is a source of weakness—a cause of defeat. For successful warfare, all the skill and energy of every soldier is demanded; and unless the hearts of the warriors are in the conflict, no triumph can be anticipated. I. TO BE LOYAL FRIENDS OF GOD , WE MUST SOMETIMES TREAT MEN AS FOES . If we are truly God's children, we must count God's friends to be our friends, God's foes to be our... read more

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Deuteronomy 20:2

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Deuteronomy 20:5

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Deuteronomy 20:7

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Deuteronomy 20:8

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Deuteronomy 20:1

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Deuteronomy 20:2

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Deuteronomy 20:5

The Pulpit Commentary - Deuteronomy 20:1

The Pulpit Commentary - Deuteronomy 20:1-5

The Pulpit Commentary - Deuteronomy 20:1-9

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