申命記 25:7-10 JC

The Pulpit Commentary - Deuteronomy 25:7-10

If the man refused to marry the widow of his deceased brother, he was free to do so; but the woman had her redress. She was to bring the matter before the eiders of the town, sitting as magistrates at the gate, and they were to summon the man and speak to him, and if he persisted in his refusal, the woman was to take his shoe from off his foot, and spit before his face, and say, So shall it be done unto that man that will not build up his brother's house. The taking off of the shoe of the... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Deuteronomy 25:5-10

The law of levirate marriage. The law on this subject is not unique to the Jews, but is found (see Genesis 38:8) in all essential respects the same among various Oriental nations, ancient and modern. The rules in these verses, like those upon divorce, do but incorporate existing immemorial usages, and introduce various wise and politic limitations and mitigations of them. The root of the obligation here imposed upon the brother of the deceased husband lies in the primitive idea of childlessness... read more

Joseph Benson

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - Deuteronomy 25:9-10

Deuteronomy 25:9-10. Loose his shoe As a sign of his resignation of all his right to the woman, and to her husband’s inheritance; for as the shoe was a sign of one’s power and right, (Psalms 60:8; Psalms 108:9,) so the parting with the shoe was a token of the alienation of such right; and as a note of infamy, to signify that by this disingenuous action he was unworthy to be among free men, and fit to be reduced to the condition of the meanest servants, who used to go barefoot, Isaiah 20:2;... read more

Donald C. Fleming

Bridgeway Bible Commentary - Deuteronomy 25:5-19

Family and business relationships (25:5-19)If a man died having no son, his brother was to have a temporary marital relation with the widow for the purpose of helping her produce a son. Legally, this son would be considered son of the dead man and so would receive his inheritance and carry on his name. If the brother refused to cooperate, he was to be publicly disgraced for allowing the dead man’s name to die out (5-10). (If, however, there were surviving daughters, they could receive the... read more

E.W. Bullinger

E.W. Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes - Deuteronomy 25:9

in the presence, &c. Ruth 4:11 . loose his shoe. Compare Ruth 4:7 , Ruth 4:8 . shoe = sandal. read more

Thomas Coke

Thomas Coke Commentary on the Holy Bible - Deuteronomy 25:5-10

Ver. 5-10. If brethren dwell together, &c.— The great end of this law was, to preserve inheritances in the families to which they belonged: and the meaning plainly is, that, if a brother died without children, the next unmarried relation, whether brother or kinsman, was to marry the wife of the deceased, and raise up children to him. This appears evidently from the case put to our Saviour, as well as from the affair of Ruth and Boaz. A lenient provision, however, is made for such relations... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Deuteronomy 25:5-10

Selfishness in levirate marriage 25:5-10The purpose of the levirate marriage ordinance was to enable a man who died before fathering an heir to obtain one and so perpetuate his name and estate. "Levirate" comes from the Latin word levir meaning husband’s brother."The practice was common in the patriarchal period [cf. Genesis 38:1-10]. . . . Presumably the prohibition of sexual union with a brother’s wife in Leviticus 18:16; Leviticus 20:21 refers to such an act while the brother is still... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Deuteronomy 25:5-19

10. Laws arising from the tenth commandment 25:5-19The tenth commandment is, "You shall not covet . . . anything that belongs to your neighbor" (Deuteronomy 5:21). The four laws in this section all deal with desire or intention as opposed to deed. read more

John Dummelow

John Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible - Deuteronomy 25:1-19

Ordinances regarding the Infliction of Stripes, the Baising of Seed to a Brother, Modesty, and Fair Dealing3. And not exceed] In order to keep within the limit it was usual to inflict thirty-nine stripes: see 2 Corinthians 11:24. The milder beating was with a rod. A severer form of this punishment was scourging, inflicted with a whip of thongs into which pieces of iron were inserted. In the time of our Lord beating was inflicted in the synagogue upon ecclesiastical offenders: see on Matthew... read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Deuteronomy 25:5-12

Deuteronomy 25:5-10. LEVIRATE MARRIAGES.(5) If brethren dwell together.—This law is made the subject of a whole treatise in the Talmud, called Yebâmôth. The object of the law was held to be attained if the family of the dead man was perpetuated, and did not become extinct. And therefore the marriage specified was not necessarily between the brother and the brother’s wife, but might be between other representatives of the two persons in question. (See Ruth 4:0)The law is older than Moses. We... read more