열왕기상 22:22-23 KRV

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - 1 Kings 22:22

The difficulties which attach to this passage are considerable. On the one hand, it is hard to suppose one of the holy Angels a “lying spirit;” on the other, hard to find Satan, or an evil spirit, included among “the host of heaven” 1 Kings 22:19 and acting as the minister of God. Still, Job 1:6; Job 2:1, lend countenance to the latter point, and 2 Thessalonians 2:11 to the former. But it may be doubted whether we ought to take literally, and seek to interpret exactly, each statement of the... read more

Joseph Benson

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - 1 Kings 22:20-22

1 Kings 22:20-22 . The Lord said, Who shall persuade Ahab, &c. This is not to be understood grossly, as if God were at a loss to find out an expedient to accomplish his own designs; nor is it to be supposed that there was really any such consultation, before the Divine Majesty, as who should be employed to persuade Ahab to undo himself. But this is a symbolical representation, to signify that the Lord resolved to suffer Ahab to be deceived and perish at Ramoth-Gilead rather than in any... read more

Joseph Benson

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - 1 Kings 22:23

1 Kings 22:23. Now therefore, behold, the Lord hath put, &c. It is frequent in the Holy Scriptures to call that the Lord’s doing which he only permits to be done; because he has the supreme direction of all things, and governs the event. Wicked devices proceed from wicked men and wicked spirits: but, that they prevail and take effect, is owing to the hand of God directing and ordering when and where they shall light, and what shall be the issue of them. Hath put a lying spirit into the... read more

Donald C. Fleming

Bridgeway Bible Commentary - 1 Kings 22:1-40

Ahab and Jehoshaphat (22:1-40)Three years after making his peace agreement with King Ben-hadad of Syria, Ahab broke it. He saw the chance to retake the border town of Ramoth-gilead, and persuaded Jehoshaphat, king of Judah, to help him (22:1-4). (Jehoshaphat had previously made an alliance with Ahab by having his son Jehoram marry Ahab’s daughter Athaliah; 2 Kings 8:16-18,2 Kings 8:25-26; 2 Chronicles 18:1; 2 Chronicles 18:1.) The professional prophets in Ahab’s court were more concerned with... read more

E.W. Bullinger

E.W. Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes - 1 Kings 22:22

Thou shalt, &c. Illustrating 2 Thessalonians 2:9-12 . Compare Ezekiel 14:9 , "I have deceived" = I have permitted it. This is quite in harmony with Proverbs 12:22 . That refers to the sphere of God's grace ; this to the sphere of His judgment. We are governed by His Word, not by His ways. Proverbs 12:22 refers to the world of men. This to the world of spirits, read more

E.W. Bullinger

E.W. Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes - 1 Kings 22:23

spoken: in 1 Kings 22:17 . read more

Thomas Coke

Thomas Coke Commentary on the Holy Bible - 1 Kings 22:19-23

1 Kings 22:19-23. I saw the Lord sitting on his throne, &c.— The following passage must be considered as a lively and affecting parable. The prophets who came to Ahab were not the LORD'S prophets, but Ahab's. They spake at all adventures what they presumed would please him, like fawning parasites and flattering sycophants; a spirit of lying was upon them all, because they were disposed to flatter the king's humour, found their gain in it, or were afraid to do otherwise. This is the short... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - 1 Kings 22:1-28

Yahweh’s plan to terminate Ahab 22:1-28Another significant battle occurred between the battle of Ramoth-gilead that the writer recorded in chapter 22 (853 B.C.) and the battles he recorded in chapter 20. Ahab and his Aramean ally Ben-Hadad II (860-841 B.C.) defeated their mutual foe King Shalmaneser III of Assyria at Qarqar on the Orontes River in Aram (also in 853 B.C.). [Note: William H. Shea, "A Note on the Date of the Battle of Qarqar," Journal of Cuneiform Studies 29 (1977):240-42.]... read more

John Dummelow

John Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible - 1 Kings 22:1-53

Ahab and Micaiah. Ahab’s Death at Ramoth-gllead. Reign of Jehoshaphat, King of Judah1. Three years] probably calculated from the peace described in 1 Kings 20:34.2. Jehoshaphat.. came down] The earlier hostility between Judah and Israel (see 1 Kings 15:16-24) had by this time given place not only to peace but to friendship, which had been cemented (as appears from 2 Kings 8:18) by a marriage between Jehoshaphat’s son Jehoram and Ahab’s daughter Athaliah. It is possible that the change in the... read more

Charles John Ellicott

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - 1 Kings 22:19-22

(19-22) The symbolic vision of Micaiah, which naturally recalls the well-known description in Job 1:6-12 of the intercourse of Satan with the Lord Himself, is to be taken as a symbol, and nothing more. (Josephus, characteristically enough, omits it altogether.) The one idea to be conveyed is the delusion of the false prophets by a spirit of evil, as a judgment of God on Ahab’s sin, and on their degradation of the prophetic office. The imagery is borrowed from the occasion. It is obviously drawn... read more