Genesis 16:7-13

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Genesis 16:8

Hagar, Sarai's maid - This mode of address is used to show her that she was known, and to remind her that she was the property of another. read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Genesis 16:10

I will multiply thy seed exceedingly - Who says this? The person who is called the Angel of the Lord; and he certainly speaks with all the authority which is proper to God. read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Genesis 16:11

And shalt call his name Ishmael - ישמאעל Yishmael , from שמע shama , he heard, and אל El , God; for, says the Angel, The Lord Hath Heard thy affliction. Thus the name of the child must ever keep the mother in remembrance of God's merciful interposition in her behalf, and remind the child and the man that he was an object of God's gracious and providential goodness. Afflictions and distresses have a voice in the ears of God, even when prayer is restrained; but how much more... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Genesis 16:12

He will be a wild man - אדם פרא pere adam . As the root of this word does not appear in the Hebrew Bible, it is probably found in the Arabic farra , to run away, to run wild; and hence the wild ass, from its fleetness and its untamable nature. What is said of the wild ass, Job 39:5-8 , affords the very best description that can be given of the Ishmaelites, (the Bedouins and wandering Arabs), the descendants of Ishmael: "Who hath sent out the wild ass ( פרא pere ) free? or who... read more

Adam Clarke

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible - Genesis 16:13

And she called the name of the Lord - She invoked ( ותקרא vattikra ) the name of Jehovah who spake unto her, thus: Thou God seest me! She found that the eye of a merciful God had been upon her in all her wanderings and afflictions; and her words seem to intimate that she had been seeking the Divine help and protection, for she says, Have I also (or have I not also) looked after him that seeth me? This last clause of the verse is very obscure and is rendered differently by all the... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Genesis 16:7

Verse 7 7.And the angel of the Lord found her. We are here taught with what clemency the Lord acts towards his own people, although they have deserved severe punishment. As he had previously mitigated the punishment of Abram and Sarai, so now he casts a paternal look upon Hagar, so that his favor is extended to the whole family. He does not indeed altogether spare them, lest he should cherish their vices; but he corrects them with gentle remedies. It is indeed probable, that Hagar, in going to... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Genesis 16:8

Verse 8 8.And he said, Hagar, Sarai’s maid. By the use of this epithet, the angel declares, that she still remained a servant, though she had escaped the hands of her mistress; because liberty is not to be obtained by stealth, nor by flight, but by manumission. Moreover, by this expression, God shows that he approves of civil government, and that the violation of it is inexcusable. The condition of servitude was then hard; and thanks are to be given to the Lord, that this barbarity has been... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Genesis 16:10

Verse 10 10.I will multiply thy seed exceedingly For the purpose of mitigating the offense, and of alleviating what was severe in the precept, by some consolation, he promises a blessing in the child which she should bear. God might indeed, by his own authority, have strictly enjoined what was right; but in order that Hagar might the more cheerfully do what she knew to be her duty, he allures her, as by blandishments, to obedience. And to this point those promises tend, by which he invites us... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Genesis 16:11

Verse 11 11.And shalt bear a son. The angel explains what he had briefly said respecting her seed; namely, that it should not be capable of being numbered on account of its multitude; and he commences with Ishmael, who was to be its head and origin. Although we shall afterwards see that he was a reprobate, yet an honorable name is granted to him, to mark the temporal benefit of which Ishmael became a partakers as being a son of Abram. For I thus explain the passage, God intended that a monument... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Genesis 16:12

Verse 12 12.And he will be a wild man. The angel declares what kind of person Ishmael will be. The simple meaning is, (in my judgment,) that he will be a warlike man, and so formidable to his enemies, that none shall injure him with impunity. Some expound the word פרא (pereh) to mean a forester, and one addicted to the hunting of wild beasts. But the explanation must not, it seems, be sought elsewhere than in the context; for it follows immediately after, ‘His hand shall be against all men, and... read more

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