E.W. Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes - Leviticus 16:20
reconciling = making atonement. See note on Exodus 29:33 . read more
Leviticus 16:20 Niv
E.W. Bullinger
James Burton Coffman
Coffman Commentaries on the Bible - Leviticus 16:20
"And when he hath made an end of atoning for the holy place, and the tent of meeting, and the altar, he shall present the live goat: and Aaron shall lay both his hands upon the head of the live goat, and confess over him all the iniquities of the children of Israel, and all their transgressions, even all their sins; and he shall put them upon the head of the goat, and shall send him away by the hand of a man that is in readiness into the wilderness: and the goat shall bear upon him all their... read more
Robert Jamieson; A. R. Fausset; David Brown
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible - Leviticus 16:20
20-22. he shall bring the live goat—Having already been presented before the Lord ( :-), it was now brought forward to the high priest, who, placing his hands upon its head, and "having confessed over it all the iniquities of the people of Israel, and all their transgressions in all their sins," transferred them by this act to the goat as their substitute. It was then delivered into the hands of a person, who was appointed to lead him away into a distant, solitary, and desert place, where in... read more
Thomas Constable
Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Leviticus 16:1-34
D. The Day of Atonement ch. 16The sacrifices and offerings that Moses described thus far in the Law were not sufficient to cleanse all the defilements of the people. Much sinfulness and uncleanness still needed removing. Therefore God appointed a yearly sacrifice that cleansed all the sins and impurities not covered by other means that the Israelites committed ignorantly (Hebrews 9:7). The sacrifice of the Day of Atonement was in this sense the most comprehensive of the Mosaic sacrifices.This... read more
Thomas Constable
Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Leviticus 16:11-28
2. Instructions concerning the ritual 16:11-28More detail follows in this section that helped Aaron know exactly how to conduct the cultic ritual and that helps the reader appreciate the implications of atonement. read more
Thomas Constable
Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Leviticus 16:20-22
The scapegoat 16:20-22These verses describe the fourth and most striking phase of this day’s ceremony. The second goat symbolically bore the sins of the people taking them to an unclean place far from God. There is difference of opinion among the authorities about what "Azazel" means (Leviticus 16:8; Leviticus 16:10; Leviticus 16:26). The etymology of this Hebrew word is obscure. Some believe it means a rocky precipice or wilderness or some other place where the goat died, or it may refer to... read more
John Dummelow
John Dummelow's Commentary on the Bible - Leviticus 16:1-34
Ritual of the Day of Atonement(See also Leviticus 23:26-32; Numbers 29:7-11; Exodus 30:10.)This solemn ceremonial took place once a year on the tenth day of the seventh month (Tishri = September). It was enacted by the high priest alone, but the whole nation indicated its interest and participation in it, by resting from all manner of work, by keeping a very strict fast, and by assembling for an ’holy convocation.’ The ritual of the Day of Atonement marked the culminating point of the Levitical... read more
Charles John Ellicott
Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers - Leviticus 16:20
(20) And when he hath made an end.—Having finished the expiation for himself, his fellow priests, and the sanctuary with its utensils, the goat destined by lot for Azazel, which was standing in the court before the Lord, was now brought to the high priest, that he might complete the sin-offering for the Israelites. read more
William Nicoll
Expositor's Dictionary of Texts - Leviticus 16:1-34
The Scapegoat Leviticus 16:8-22 Among a primitive people who seemed to have more moral troubles than any other and to feel greater need of dismissing them by artificial means, there grew up the custom of using a curious expedient. They chose a beast of the field, and upon its head symbolically piled all the moral hard-headedness of the several tribes; after which the unoffending brute was banished to the wilderness and the guilty multitude felt relieved. However crude that ancient method of... read more
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Bridgeway Bible Commentary - Leviticus 16:11-22
Day of Atonement: sacrifices (16:11-22)Aaron sacrificed the priests’ sin offering at the altar in the tabernacle courtyard, then took fire from this altar along with blood from the sacrifice into the tabernacle (that is, into the tent). He used the fire to burn incense on the golden altar that stood in the Holy Place against the curtain dividing the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place. As he drew back this curtain to enter the Most Holy Place, incense from the altar floated through the open... read more