Leviticus 4:13

The Pulpit Commentary - Leviticus 4:13-21

The case of the whole congregation. A nation may become guilty of national sin in different ways, according to its political constitution: most directly, by the action of a popular Legislature passing a decree such as that of the Athenian assembly, condemning the whole of the Mitylenean people to death (Thucyd; 3.36), or by approving an act of sacrilege ( Malachi 3:9 ); indirectly, by any complicity in or condoning of a sin done in its name by its rulers. The ritual of the sin offering is... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Leviticus 4:13-21

Sin offering for the congregation. The congregation of Israel sustained a twofold character, viz. a political and an ecclesiastical; for it was at once a Nation and a Church. Here we have— I. THE SIN OF A NATION . Leviticus 4:13 . 1 . The commandments of the Lord concern nations. 2 . Therefore nations may sin against him. (a) In asking a king to be like them ( 1 Samuel 8:7 , 1 Samuel 8:8 ). (b) In their idolatries ( 1 Kings 12:26-30 ; 2 Kings 21:11 ... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Leviticus 4:13-21

The whole congregation sinners through ignorance. The sacrifice is very similar to the high priest's. The ruling thought in both cases is that of sin attaching to those who represent the covenant of God. The people, whether as a nation or assembly, or as a house of God, a worshipping congregation, whether in its ciders or rulers, or in its high priest, were in a covenant relation to Jehovah; therefore might offend against that relation, and required atonement to be made. Take up the... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Leviticus 4:13

Congregation ... assembly - Each of the Hebrew words signifies the people in a collected body. It does not appear that there is any difference between them in the connection in which they are here used. read more

Joseph Benson

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - Leviticus 4:13-14

Leviticus 4:13-14. The whole congregation The body of the people, or the greater part of them, their rulers concurring with them. A bullock But if the sin of the congregation was only the omission of some ceremonial duty, a kid of the goats was to be offered, Numbers 15:24. read more

Donald C. Fleming

Bridgeway Bible Commentary - Leviticus 4:1-35

The sin offering: regulations (4:1-35)Burnt offerings, cereal offerings and peace offerings were not compulsory; people made them voluntarily to express their devotion. The sin offering, however, was compulsory whenever people realized they had committed some (accidental) sin that broke their fellowship with God. In the other offerings there was an element of atonement (for sin affects everything that people do), but in the sin offering, atonement was the central issue.The animal was killed in... read more

E.W. Bullinger

E.W. Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes - Leviticus 4:13

congregation = assembly. Not the same word as in Leviticus 4:14 . sin. Hebrew. shagah. See App-44 . See 1 Samuel 14:32 . somewhat, &c, and concerning, &c. These two Ellipses rightly supplied. See App-6 . read more

James Burton Coffman

Coffman Commentaries on the Bible - Leviticus 4:13

"And if the whole congregation of Israel err, and the thing be hid from the eyes of the assembly, and they have done any of the things which Jehovah hath commanded not to be done, and are guilty; when the sin wherein they have sinned is known, then the assembly shall offer a young bullock for a sin-offering, and bring it before the tent of meeting. And the elders of the congregation shall lay their hands upon the head of the bullock before Jehovah; and the bullock shall be killed before... read more

Robert Jamieson; A. R. Fausset; David Brown

Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible - Leviticus 4:13

13-21. if the whole congregation of Israel sin through ignorance—In consequence of some culpable neglect or misapprehension of the law, the people might contract national guilt, and then national expiation was necessary. The same sacrifice was to be offered as in the former case, but with this difference in the ceremonial, that the elders or heads of the tribes, as representing the people and being the principal aggressors in misleading the congregation, laid their hands on the head of the... read more

Thomas Constable

Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable - Leviticus 4:1-13

4. The sin offering 4:1-5:13The sin offering was a very important offering since it was to be offered before any of the others. It also played a key role on the Day of Atonement. Ancient Near Easterners offered certain offerings before God incorporated these into the Mosaic Law. Moses previously mentioned burnt offerings in Genesis 12:7; Genesis 13:4; Genesis 13:18; Genesis 22; Genesis 26:25; Genesis 33:20; and Genesis 35:1-7, and peace offerings in Genesis 31:54; Genesis 46:1. However the sin... read more

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