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John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 11:32

Verse 32 32.For God has shut up, etc. A remarkable conclusion, by which he shows that there is no reason why they who have a hope of salvation should despair of others; for whatever they may now be, they have been like all the rest. If they have emerged from unbelief through God’s mercy alone, they ought to leave place for it as to others also. For he makes the Jews equal in guilt with the Gentiles, that both might understand that the avenue to salvation is no less open to others than to them.... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 11:33

Verse 33 33.Oh! the depth, etc. Here first the Apostle bursts into an exclamation, which arose spontaneously from a devout consideration of God’s dealings with the faithful; then in passing he checks the boldness of impiety, which is wont to clamor against the judgments of God. When therefore we hear, Oh! the depth, this expression of wonder ought greatly to avail to the beating down of the presumption of our flesh; for after having spoken from the word and by the Spirit of the Lord, being at... read more

John Calvin

John Calvin's Commentary on the Bible - Romans 11:34

Verse 34 34.Who has known the mind of the Lord? He begins here to extend as it were his hand to restrain the audacity of men, lest they should clamor against God’s judgments, and this he does by stating two reasons: the first is, that all mortals are too blind to take a view of God’s predestination by their own understanding, and to reason on a thing unknown is presumptuous and absurd; the other is, that we can have no cause of complaint against God, since no mortal can boast that God is a... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Romans 11:1-36

(4) The Jews are not finally rejected, but, through the calling of the Gentiles, will be brought into the Church at last. St. Paul, painfully recognizing the fact of the present exclusion of Israel as a nation from the inheritance of the promises made to their fathers, and having in Romans 9:1-33 . and 10. accounted for and justified such exclusion, proceeds now to the question—But is Israel as a nation finally rejected after all? He answers—No; impossible! God's ancient covenant... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Romans 11:11-32

The Jewish people: their past history and their future prospects. The Jew is the greatest modern miracle. He is an absolutely unique figure in the history of the world. In every nation you find him, an exile and a fugitive, a stranger and a foreigner. Whence came he? how came he hither? He claims our respect, our attention, our pity, our Christian sympathy. These verses are a strong enforcement of the lessons of Israel's history and a stirring appeal on Israel's behalf. I. THEIR ... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Romans 11:11-32

Israel's future. In the section now before us we find the apostle passing from the judicial blindness which had come upon his countrymen to its providential purpose. For God can make the wrath of man to praise him, and the remainder of that wrath he can restrain ( Psalms 76:10 ). Hence the blind course pursued by the Jews is made the opportunity for the Gentiles. Paul, when the Jews would not receive the gospel, turned to the Gentiles, and had his success as apostle to the heathen. But... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Romans 11:25-32

The Divine philosophy of history. The apostle has cautioned them not to be high-minded because of any seeming preference shown to them; he now guards against their gross speculations as to the nature of Israel's rejection by setting forth emphatically its true character and intent. And in so doing he takes also a bird's-eye view of the religious history and destinies of the world, especially as regards the mutual relations of Jews and Gentiles. We have here the religious dualism and... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Romans 11:32

For God hath concluded them all in (literally, shut them all up into ) unbelief (or, disobedience ) , that he might have mercy upon them all . Chrysostom and other Greek Fathers understood συνέκλεισε to mean only declared them to be unbelieving (or, disobedient ) , or convicted them of being so. Thus Chrysostom, τουτέστιν ἤλεγξεν , ἔπεδειξεν ἀπειθοῦντας . So, it may be said, must the verb he understood where St. Paul elsewhere uses it with a similar... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Romans 11:33-35

O the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge (or, of the riches and wisdom and knowledge ) of God! By γνώσεως is signified God's omniscience; by σοφίας , his wisdom in ordering events; by πλούτου , if it be taken as a co-ordinate substantive, the abundance of his goodness. How unsearchable are his judgments, and his ways past finding (rather, tracing ) out! (cf. Psalms 26:6 ; Job 9:10 ; Job 11:7 ). For who hath known the mind of the Lord? or who hath... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Romans 11:33-36

The unsearchable things of God. These words may be taken as a fitting conclusion to the doctrinal or argumentative part of the Epistle. As we see how the apostle shows first of all, in the condition of both the heathen and the Jewish world, that all have sinned, and that all needed a Divine Saviour; and how he then unfolds the great doctrine of justification by faith and its results; as we see also the great privileges for time and eternity which are bestowed upon the Children of God; may... read more

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