エゼキエル書 18:1-6 JCB

The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 18:2-3

An old proverb discarded. The proverb of the sour grapes was but an expression of a prevalent belief of the Jews, viz. that guilt is hereditary. Whatever element of truth there may have been in this proverb was overlaid and lost in a monstrous notion, which destroyed both the sense of personal responsibility and the conception of Divine justice, substituting doctrines of unavoidable fate and unreasonable vengeance on the innocent. I. THE TRUTHS BEHIND THE PROVERB . This... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 18:2-4

Heredity and individuality. The proverb here quoted embodied a popular sentiment. Those who suffered from the troubles and calamities of the time were not willing to admit that their sufferings were only their deserts; they endeavoured to thrust the blame upon others than themselves; and accordingly they complained that they had to endure the consequences of the evil deeds of their ancestors. One generation—so they put it—ate the sour grapes, and escaped the consequences; a succeeding... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 18:3

Stress is laid on the fact that the proverb which implied unrighteousness in God is no longer to be used in Israel. There, among the, people in whom he was manifesting his righteousness for the education of mankind, it should be seen to have no force whatever. The thought was an essentially heathen thought—a half-truth distorted into a falsehood. read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 18:4

Behold, all souls are mine , etc. The words imply, not only creation, ownership, absolute authority, on the part of God, but, as even Calvin could recognize ( in loc. ) , "a paternal affection towards the whole human race which he created and formed." Ezekiel anticipates here, and yet more fully in verse 32. the teaching of St. Paul, that "God willeth that all men should be saved" ( 1 Timothy 2:4 ). The soul that sinneth, it shall die. The sentence, though taken from the Law, which... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 18:4

The death penalty. I. THE PENALTY OF SIN IS DEATH . This is taken for granted in the present passage. The prophet is not now describing the kind of punishment that follows sin; he is indicating the persons on whom that punishment shall fall. When asked who is to die, he answers—The sinner; not his child, but the sinner himself. But the very fact that the nature of the death penalty is taken for granted makes it the more apparent that the prophet had no doubt about it. Now, we... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 18:5-9

The verses that follow are noticeable as forming one of the most complete pictures of a righteous life presented in the Old Testament. It ads characteristic of Ezekiel that he starts from the avoidance of sins against the first table of the commandments. To eat upon the mountains was to take part in the sacrificial feasts on the places, of which he had already spoken ( Ezekiel 16:16 ; comp. Ezekiel 22:9 ; Deuteronomy 12:2 ). The words, lifted up his eyes, as in Deuteronomy 4:19 and... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 18:5-9

The just man delineated, "But if a man be just, and do that which is lawful and right," etc. I. THE CHARACTER MENTIONED . "If a man be just," or righteous. This justness or righteousness is not merely a state of correct opinion; or of becoming feeling on moral questions; or of religious profession ( Matthew 7:21 ). It is a condition of character. The just man "is marked by this, that his settled principles, his customary desire, is to do, not what is pleasant, not what is... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 18:5-18

The moral alternative. With a legal minuteness, and with a directness and plainness becoming to the teacher of practical morality, the prophet presents the alternative and antithesis of human life. If not in every particular, still in almost every particular, the picture of the good and of the bad man printed in this passage would be admitted by moralists of every school to be faithful and fair. I. THE DESCRIPTION OF THE GOOD AND OF THE BAD MAN . As the classes are... read more

Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 18:5-24

God's remonstrance with man's reason. It is an act of singular kindness that God should stoop to reason with the perverted mind of man. It had been a pleasure to instruct the uncorrupted mind; but now that the instrument is injured, it requires infinitely more patience and skill to deal with it. Yet God deigns to explain his principles of rule, and will eventually vindicate, as supremely just, every secret act. But sinful men are self-blinded. I. WE ARE REMINDED OF MAN 'S ... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Ezekiel 18:1

The last verse of Ezekiel 17:0 gives occasion for a declaration of the principle upon which God’s providential dispensations proceed, namely, that every individual shall be equitably dealt with - a principle that precludes the children from either presuming on the father’s merits or despairing on account of the father’s guilt. This chapter is an enlargement of Jeremiah 31:29, and sets forth fully the doctrine of individual responsibility. read more

The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 18:2-3

The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 18:2-4

The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 18:3

The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 18:4

The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 18:4

The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 18:5-9

The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 18:5-9

The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 18:5-18

The Pulpit Commentary - Ezekiel 18:5-24

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - Ezekiel 18:1

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