以斯帖记 3:4 RCUVSS

The People's Bible by Joseph Parker - Esther 3:1-15

Esther 4:0 1. When Mordecai perceived all that was done, Mordecai rent his clothes [a common sign of Oriental sorrow], and put on sackcloth with ashes, and went out into the midst of the city, and cried with a loud and bitter cry; 2. And came even before the king's gate: for none might enter into the king's gate clothed with sackcloth. 3. And in every province, whithersoever the king's commandment and his decree came, there was great mourning among the Jews, and fasting, and weeping, and... read more

Robert Hawker

Hawker's Poor Man's Commentary - Esther 3:2-4

(2) And all the king's servants, that were in the king's gate, bowed, and reverenced Haman: for the king had so commanded concerning him. But Mordecai bowed not, nor did him reverence. (3) Then the king's servants, which were in the king's gate, said unto Mordecai, Why transgressest thou the king's commandment? (4) Now it came to pass, when they spake daily unto him, and he hearkened not unto them, that they told Haman, to see whether Mordecai's matters would stand: for he had told them that he... read more

George Haydock

George Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary - Esther 3:4

Resolution. The did not mean to injure Mardochai, who had an employment at court, chap. xii. 5. (Calmet) --- Jew, and of course hindered by his religion from giving divine worship to any man. (Menochius) read more

Matthew Henry

Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary on the Bible - Esther 3:1-6

1-6 Mordecai refused to reverence Haman. The religion of a Jew forbade him to give honours to any mortal man which savoured of idolatry, especially to so wicked a man as Haman. By nature all are idolaters; self is our favourite idol, we are pleased to be treated as if every thing were at our disposal. Though religion by no means destroys good manners, but teaches us to render honour to whom honour is due, yet by a citizen of Zion, not only in his heart, but in his eyes, such a vile person as... read more

Paul E. Kretzmann

The Popular Commentary by Paul E. Kretzmann - Esther 3:1-7

Haman Plans Revenge Against Mordecai v. 1. After these things, some four years after the elevation of Esther to the position of queen, did King Ahasuerus promote Haman, the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, making him a great man in the empire, and advanced him, and set his seat above all the princes that were with him, by raising him to the rank of grind vizier, his chief confidential minister. v. 2. And all the king's servants that were in the king's gate, the lower officers of the court, ... read more

Johann Peter Lange

Lange's Commentary on the Holy Scriptures: Critical, Doctrinal and Homiletical - Esther 3:1-15

B.—HAMAN ATTAINS TO POWER AND DISTINCTION. HE DETERMINES UPON THE DESTRUCTION OF THE JEWSEsther 3:1-151. Haman’s elevation. His resolve with reference to the Jews. Esther 3:1-71After these things [words] did [the] king Ahasuerus promote [elevated] Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced [make great] him, and set [put] his seat above all the princes that were with him. 2And all the king’s servants, that were in the king’s gate, bowed [were bending] and reverenced [bowing themselves... read more

Alexander MacLaren

Alexander MacLaren's Expositions of Holy Scripture - Esther 3:1-11

Esther THE NET SPREAD Est_3:1 - Est_3:11 . The stage of this passage is filled by three strongly marked and strongly contrasted figures: Mordecai, Haman, and Ahasuerus; a sturdy nonconformist, an arrogant and vindictive minister of state, and a despotic and careless king. These three are the visible persons, but behind them is an unseen and unnamed Presence, the God of Israel, who still protects His exiled people. We note, first, the sturdy nonconformist. ‘The reverence’ which the king had... read more

Frederick Brotherton Meyer

F.B. Meyer's 'Through the Bible' Commentary - Esther 3:1-15

Race Prejudice Breeds Hatred Esther 3:1-15 Josephus says that Agagite means a descendant of Agag, the common name for the kings of the Amalekites, Numbers 24:7 . It is probably that something of the nature of religious homage to Haman was demanded, and this Mordecai could not tolerate for a moment. It would have been as bad as the falling down to worship the golden image of Dura. He, therefore, sturdily refused. What diabolical cruelty was here, to meditate the destruction of a nation to... read more

G. Campbell Morgan

G. Campbell Morgan's Exposition on the Whole Bible - Esther 3:1-15

In this section we have a picture of the procedure of government in the court of the king. Haman was promoted to supreme authority, and the portrait of the man is naturally and vividly presented to us-haughty and imperious, proud and cruel. Mordecai's refusal to bow down to him and do him reverence may in all probability be accounted for by the simple fact that he was a Jew, or perhaps it may be that Mordecai was familiar with facts concerning Haman which made it impossible for him to do him... read more

Arthur Peake

Arthur Peake's Commentary on the Bible - Esther 3:1-15

Esther 3. Haman, to Avenge a Slight Put on Him by Mordecai, Persuades the King to Order a Massacre of the Jews.— The Grand Vizier Haman, Heb. calls a descendant of that mysterious people, the Amalekites, and even of their king Agag (1 Samuel 15). To suppose that the word “ Agag” really means “ Gog,” and to gather that we have here a sting for the memory of the Scythians, is a rather helpless device. The Heb. writer seems to have wished to avoid saying that Haman was a Macedonian, i.e. a... read more