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Spence, H. D. M., etc.

The Pulpit Commentary - 2 Kings 21:6

And he made his son pass through the fire. The author of Chronicles says, "his sons" ( 2 Chronicles 33:6 ); but this is, perhaps, rhetorical. It was usually the eldest son, who, as the most precious possible offering, was sacrificed to Moloch (see 2 Kings 3:27 ; 2 Kings 16:3 ; and, for the true nature of the sacrifice, see the comment on this latter passage). And observed times. If this translation is right, the reference would be to a superstitious regard for lucky and unlucky days,... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - 2 Kings 21:2

Manasseh during his minority naturally fell under the influence of the chief Jewish nobles, with whom the pure religion of Yahweh was always unpopular (compare 2 Chronicles 24:17-18; Jeremiah 8:1-2). They seem to have persuaded him, not only to undo Hezekiah’s work, but to proceed to lengths in polytheism, magic, and idolatry, unknown before. The sins of Manasseh’s reign appear to have been those which filled up the measure of Judah’s iniquity, and brought down the final sentence of doom on the... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - 2 Kings 21:3

The first step in the re-establishment of idolatry seems to have been the restoration of the high places where Yahweh was professedly worshipped 2 Kings 18:22, but with idolatrous rites 1 Kings 14:23. The next was to re-introduce the favorite idolatry of Israel, Baal-worship, which had formerly flourished in Judaea under Athaliah 2 Kings 11:18, and Ahaz 2 Chronicles 28:2. After this, Manasseh seems to have especially affected Sabaism, which had been previously unknown in Judaea (compare 2 Kings... read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - 2 Kings 21:4

The “altars” of this verse seem to be the same with those of 2 Kings 21:5, and consequently were not in the temple building, but in the outer and inner courts. read more

Albert Barnes

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Whole Bible - 2 Kings 21:6

On the meaning of the phrase “passing through the fire,” see 2 Kings 16:3, and Leviticus 20:2-5.To “observe times” was forbidden in the Law (marginal references), and was no doubt among the modes of divination practiced by the Canaanite nations. It has been explained as,(1) Predicting from the state of the clouds and atmosphere;(2) Fascination with the eye;(3) Watching and catching at chance words as ominous.Dealt with familiar spirits - This practice was forbidden by Moses Leviticus 19:31... read more

Joseph Benson

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - 2 Kings 21:2

2 Kings 21:2. He did evil in the sight of the Lord Through his own vicious inclinations, and the instigation of the wicked princes of Judah, who in Hezekiah’s time were secret enemies to the reformation which he was endeavouring to effect; and now, when the restraint which they had been under was removed by his death, broke forth into open hostility against it, and corrupted the king’s tender years with their wicked counsels. After the abominations of the heathen It had been his father’s... read more

Joseph Benson

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - 2 Kings 21:3-5

2 Kings 21:3-5. He built up again the high places Trampling upon the dust of his worthy father, and affronting his memory. And worshipped all the host of heaven The sun, moon, and stars, which the Gentiles had transformed into gods. He built altars To the gods of the neighbouring nations, and to the host of heaven; in the house of the Lord Not only in Jerusalem, where the Lord had recorded his name, but even in the courts of the temple itself, both in that where the priests and... read more

Joseph Benson

Joseph Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments - 2 Kings 21:6

2 Kings 21:6. He made his son pass through the fire By which he dedicated him to Moloch, in contempt of the seal of circumcision by which he had been dedicated to God: see notes on Leviticus 18:21-22. And observed times Lucky or unlucky days, according to the superstitious practice of the heathen. read more

Donald C. Fleming

Bridgeway Bible Commentary - 2 Kings 21:1-26

Manasseh’s evil reign (21:1-26)Hezekiah’s reformation had cleansed Judah of the outward forms of foreign religion, but the inward spiritual condition of most people had not changed. The faithful remnant was still small (see 19:30-31). Possibly under pressure from Assyria, Manasseh reversed his father’s religious policy and with almost fanatical zeal reintroduced foreign religious ideas of every kind. Fifty-five years under his rule left Judah in a worse spiritual condition than that for which... read more

E.W. Bullinger

E.W. Bullinger's Companion Bible Notes - 2 Kings 21:2

did. evil = did the evil. Hebrew. ra'a'. App-44 . Generally associated with idolatry. the LORD. Hebrew. Jehovah. App-4 . heathen = nations children = sons. read more

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